Phlebitis

Phlebitis is a clinical condition that develops as a complication of peripheral venous catheter use. Peripheral venous catheterization is a common clinical procedure performed in hospitalized patients, as it provides vascular access for the administration of medications, blood products, and contrast media for diagnostic imaging studies. The pathophysiology of phlebitis involves inflammation of the vascular intima, leading to luminal narrowing and impaired blood flow. These changes are clinically manifested by local signs of inflammation, including erythema, edema, and pain, which have been objectively assessed using several validated clinical assessment scales.

The goal of this observational study spanning over three years is to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing a co-designed, care bundle on intravascular access device (IVAD) quality and nurses and anaesthesiologist knowledge of IVADs best practices, at an intervention hospital compare to care as usual the a control hospital. Additional aims are to: 1. translate and validate a tool for identifying patients with difficult vein access within the Swedish healthcare context, 2. to evaluate the implementation related to its feasibility, acceptability, fidelity, and cost-effectiveness. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does the implementation of evidence-based practices improve the quality of IVADs care, e.g. thrombophlebitis/phlebitis, extravasation, infiltration, dislodgement and increase register nurses and anaesthesiologists' knowledge of IVADs best practices? * Does the intervention bridge barriers to successful implementation and support routinization of evidence-based practices. * Which factors influence the implementation in terms of feasibility, acceptability, cost-effectiveness and compatibility with professionals' existing values and clinical workflows?

Peripheral venous catheter complications are conditions that are frequently seen in intensive care clinics and require nursing care. The most common complications are phlebitis, infiltration and extravasation. Nurses should take the necessary precautions to prevent these complications from developing.. Therefore, this planned thesis study aims to establish an infusion monitoring system and evaluate its effectiveness in early detection of complications related to peripheral intravenous catheters. The research is planned as a randomized controlled experimental study. The study will be conducted in Ordu State Hospital General Intensive Care Unit 1 and General Intensive Care Unit 3 clinics. The universe of the study will consist of patients receiving inpatient treatment in General Intensive Care Unit 1 and General Intensive Care Unit 3 clinics. The sample size will be determined by g-power analysis after a two-month preliminary follow-up. Data will be collected with the "Clinical Follow-up Form", "Patient Information Form", and "Complication Follow-up Form". The clinics included in the study will be divided into two groups as experimental and control groups. First, the frequency of complications will be determined in the experimental and control groups. Then, while the control group continues its routine protocol and applications, an infusion follow-up system will be developed in the experimental group and will be used by nurses in patient care. In the final stage, the frequency of peripheral venous catheter complications will be determined again. Data will be evaluated using the SPSS 22.0 package program at a significance level of p\<0.05 and a confidence interval of 95%.