Pituitary Disease

Hormones are chemical messengers that help regulate many functions in the body. As women go through menopause, and as men age, levels of certain reproductive hormones change significantly. One of these hormones, luteinizing hormone (LH), increases substantially after menopause and may also rise in some men. Another hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), is best known as the hormone of pregnancy, but small amounts can also be detected in some postmenopausal women and older men. Recent research suggests that LH and hCG may have effects beyond reproduction. These hormones may influence bone health, body weight, kidney function, thyroid function, and adrenal gland function. However, little is known about their importance in patients with endocrine disorders. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether blood levels of LH and hCG are associated with the presence, severity, and long-term outcomes of endocrine diseases. The study will include adult patients undergoing evaluation for hormonal disorders. Blood samples will be analyzed for LH, hCG, and other relevant hormones and biomarkers. Participants will also be followed through national health registries to examine whether these hormone levels are associated with future health outcomes. The results of this study may improve our understanding of how LH and hCG affect the body and help determine whether these hormones can be used as biomarkers to improve the diagnosis and management of endocrine diseases.

Pituitary tumors represent a heterogeneous group of neoplasms by histotype. The pituitary adenomas are the most frequent heteroformation, among those affecting the pituitary gland, followed by meningiomas, craniopharyngiomas, germosomes and tumours secondary, such as metastases and lymphomas. Since these conditions are considered rare, the data epidemiology and prognosis to predict the natural history of these diseases can not be considered conclusive. Pituitary adenomas are a useful model for epidemiology in the study of pathology pituitary. Over the past 20 years, several attempts have been made to identify unique prognostic factors, which predict the outcome of these pathologies, but without To arrive at a definitive classification. The purpose of this study aims to collect clinical, biochemical, morphological and pathological data on the retrospective and prospective cohort of over 1600 patients undergoing neurosurgical removal of pituitary tumors in the last 20 years, to develop a prognostic classification.

In this study, the research team will investigate the incidence and etiology of olfactory dysfunction following endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery, by combining clinical assessments with histomolecular analysis.