Pneumnia

This is a multicenter prospective observational cohort study of hospitalized patients with multidrug-resistant bacterial pneumonia. The study will compare patients who receive systemic traditional Chinese medicine treatment during routine clinical care with those who do not receive systemic traditional Chinese medicine treatment. Systemic traditional Chinese medicine treatment may include Chinese herbal decoctions, oral Chinese patent medicines, or Chinese medicine injections. The primary objective is to evaluate whether systemic traditional Chinese medicine treatment is associated with a lower risk of lower respiratory tract infection events within 180 days after hospital discharge. Secondary outcomes include mortality, rehospitalization, bacterial clearance, clinical cure at hospital discharge, duration of antibacterial therapy, pneumonia-related clinician-reported and patient-reported outcome scores, health-related quality of life, inflammatory markers, imaging changes, safety outcomes, and direct medical costs.

This study aims to Primary Aims: Verify the predictability of the PLIS at admission in predicting major clinical outcomes including: * ICU mortality (or discharge) and time to death (or discharge) * Escalation of ventilatory support antibiotic therapy or supportive medications (inotropes, steroids, sedation, neuromuscular blockers). Secondary Aims: * Determine the correlation between initial PLIS and the degree of disease severity (as evaluated per SOFA and APACHE II scores) * Determine the correlation between initial PLIS and partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) to Fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2): PaO2/FiO2 * Explore the potential association between the type of ventilatory support, ventilatory settings and PLIS at different time points. * Verify whether the site of consolidation (anterior vs. posterior lung zones) can reliably predict mortality in in ALI patients. * Determine the correlation between the PLIS score and the degree of ALI as quantified by CT of the chest (whenever a CT study is available) at the time of admission.