Prosthesis Users

The goal of this interventional study is to learn how different types of footwear affect gait, stability, comfort, and walking performance in adults with a unilateral transtibial amputation who use a lower limb prosthesis. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does footwear type affect gait characteristics such as gait speed, stride length, cadence, prosthetic foot clearance, and stance phase duration? * Does footwear type affect kinetic measures such as ground reaction forces and ankle power variables during walking? * Does footwear type affect in-shoe plantar pressure distribution? * Do participants perceive differences in comfort and stability between footwear conditions? Participants will: * Attend a laboratory-based gait analysis session at the University of Salford. * Complete walking tasks while wearing four footwear conditions: their own preferred footwear, an Oxford shoe, a running/walking shoe, and a shoe with a forefoot rocker profile. * Perform straight-line walking, incline and decline walking, and S-shaped walking tasks. * Wear reflective markers and in-shoe pressure sensors during testing. * Complete visual analogue scale ratings of comfort and stability for each footwear condition.

This randomized controlled trial will evaluate the effectiveness of dual-task balance training on balance, mobility, and mental health among traumatic lower-limb prosthesis users in the Gaza Strip. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an experimental group receiving dual-task balance training in addition to standard rehabilitation or a control group receiving standard rehabilitation only. The intervention will be delivered over 6 weeks, with three sessions per week. Balance and mobility will be assessed using the Berg Balance Scale and the Amputee Mobility Predictor with Prosthesis, while mental health will be assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21.