Sham-controlled

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn how healthy adults experience low-level electrical stimulation delivered through the study device. This study is not intended to treat a medical condition. The main questions it aims to answer are: Is the study stimulation comfortable and well tolerated? What sensations do participants notice during stimulation? Can participants tell the difference between active stimulation and sham stimulation? Researchers will compare active stimulation with sham stimulation. Sham stimulation uses the same study procedures but does not deliver the study stimulation. This comparison will help researchers understand whether sensations are caused by stimulation rather than the study setting or expectations. Participants will: Receive brief sessions of active and sham stimulation using the study device. Report sensations, discomfort, or other effects during and after each session. Complete questionnaires or other assessments about their experience with stimulation. The information from this study will help researchers select stimulation settings and procedures for future studies.

Lower extremity lymphedema is a chronic and progressive condition associated with significant functional impairment and reduced quality of life. The current gold-standard treatment is Complex Decongestive Therapy (CDT); however, a substantial proportion of patients continue to experience persistent symptoms during the maintenance phase. This prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) as an adjunct to standard CDT maintenance therapy in patients with lower extremity lymphedema. Participants will be randomly allocated to either an active ESWT group or a sham ESWT group, with both groups continuing standard CDT maintenance throughout the study. ESWT will be administered twice weekly for five sessions. Changes in limb volume, skin thickness and subcutaneous tissue thickness assessed by ultrasonography, pain, functional status, and quality of life will be evaluated at baseline, after treatment, and at one-month follow-up.