Smoke Exposure

This study will investigate the effects of woodsmoke (WS) exposure on human nasal mucosal immune responses to viral infection. The study tests the hypotheses that WS exposure modifies biomarkers of nasal mucosal immune function, increases in Live Attenuated Influenza Virus (LAIV) -induced nasal symptoms, and reduces mucosal antibody production.

This is an observational study that aims to understand the effects of passive smoking (secondhand smoke exposure) on children's health and development. The main question the study seeks to answer is: How does exposure to secondhand smoke affect the physical fitness, cognitive abilities, and academic performance of primary school children? The study will compare two groups of children aged 6-11 years: one group exposed to secondhand smoke at home (due to parents or caregivers who smoke) and another group not exposed to secondhand smoke. The children's physical capacity, cognitive skills, and school performance will be assessed through various tests. The goal of the study is to provide valuable insights into how secondhand smoke may negatively impact children, helping families, schools, and healthcare providers understand the risks and promote healthier, smoke-free environments for children.