Subarachnoid Haemorrhagic Stroke

The purpose of this research study to find out if clinically unconscious acute brain injury patients that show brain activation to music and language on electroencephalogram (EEG) (bedside test) have better outcomes and wake up in the future.

As part of this study, an intervention program aimed at preventing delirium in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage treated in the intensive care unit will be implemented. Routine medical treatments, environmental adjustments, and a video-based communication program will be implemented to prevent delirium. In addition, basic body awareness training will be administered. Patients will be divided into two groups. One group will receive only the routine treatment program recommended by international guidelines (medical, enviromental adjustment and face-to-face interview etc.), while the other group will receive body awareness therapy addition to routine interventions.

Background Non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is frequently complicated by delayed cerebral ischaemia (DCI) and by ventriculitis/meningitis when external CSF drains are used; bedside TCCD has limited accuracy for vasospasm detection, creating a need for early biomarkers. Objective To assess the predictive and diagnostic performance of IL-6, IL-1β, TNFα, procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP) and adrenomedullin (ADM) measured in CSF and serum for vasospasm, DCI, and drain-associated ventriculitis/meningitis after SAH; to test whether combining biomarkers improves accuracy versus routine parameters; and to explore associations with admission and day-14 serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D. Methods Prospective case-control study at the University of Debrecen (planned n≈100; enrolment 01-Nov-2024-31-Dec-2029). Adults with angiography-verified SAH requiring lumbar/ventricular drainage are included; traumatic SAH, prior 6-month meningitis, and immunosuppression are excluded. TCCD is performed daily for 14 days; suspected vasospasm is defined by mean flow velocity \>120 cm/s, severe by \>200 cm/s, with monitoring extended to day 21 if severe. Sampling: daily CSF IL-6/PCT/CRP until drain removal; IL-1β/TNFα/ADM at 0-2, 3-5, 6-8, 9-11, 12-14 days and at meningitis detection; serum 25-OH-D on drain insertion day and day 14. Outcomes at days 30/90/180: mortality, GOSE, Barthel, Karnofsky, mRS. Statistics: normality testing; t-test or non-parametric equivalents; χ² with Yates' correction; Bonferroni for multiplicity; ROC analysis for diagnostic/predictive performance. Endpoints DCI: new unexplained CT ischaemia or a new unexplained neurological deficit \>1 h. Drain-associated infection: infectologist-adjudicated ventriculitis/meningitis. Vasospasm: TCCD-suggested or DSA-confirmed. Expected impact An accessible CSF/serum biomarker panel may enable earlier risk stratification and treatment for vasospasm, DCI, and drain-associated infections, and inform future randomized trials of vitamin-D supplementation in SAH.