Subcutaneous Injection

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare three simulation-based approaches for teaching subcutaneous injections to first-year midwifery students. A subcutaneous injection is an injection given into the tissue just under the skin. The main questions this study aims to answer are: Do the three teaching approaches lead to different levels of learning and injection skills? Do the approaches affect students' confidence in performing the skill? Do the approaches affect students' anxiety during injection practice? Researchers will compare three groups of midwifery students. One group will practice on the abdominal area of a patient-care mannequin. A second group will practice on an injection training pad placed on a peer's abdomen. A third group will practice on an injection training pad placed on their own abdomen. Participants will first receive the same classroom teaching and laboratory instruction on subcutaneous injection. One week later, they will practice the injection according to the group to which they were randomly assigned. No medication will be injected into a participant's body; the practice will use training equipment and saline solution. After the practice, researchers will assess participants' learning, injection skills, self-efficacy, and anxiety.