Clinical trials

This prospective observational study will evaluate adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are scheduled for elective surgery. Immediately before preoperative gastric ultrasonography, capillary fasting blood glucose will be measured. Gastric contents will be assessed qualitatively in the supine and right lateral decubitus positions, and residual gastric volume will be estimated using the antral cross-sectional area measured in the right lateral decubitus position. The primary objective is to evaluate the association between fasting capillary blood glucose and the presence of a high-risk stomach. A high-risk stomach will be defined as the presence of solid gastric contents, Perlas Grade 2 gastric contents, or an estimated gastric volume greater than 1.5 mL/kg. Secondary objectives include determining the prevalence of a high-risk stomach and evaluating its associations with demographic characteristics, diabetes-related factors, comorbidities, fasting duration, medication use, gastroparesis-related symptoms, and routine laboratory parameters.

Chronic post-sternotomy pain is a common but under-recognised complication of cardiac surgery, reported in roughly 11 to 56 percent of patients and capable of persisting for years after the operation. Effective control of pain in the early postoperative period is thought to reduce the central sensitisation that drives the transition from acute to chronic pain. This single-centre, prospective, randomised, patient- and assessor-blinded controlled trial investigates whether an ultrasound-guided bilateral parasternal intercostal nerve block, performed preemptively after induction of general anaesthesia and before surgical incision, reduces the incidence of chronic pain three months after cardiac surgery performed through a median sternotomy. A total of 132 adults scheduled for elective cardiac surgery will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive either the block plus the institution's standard multimodal analgesia protocol, or the standard protocol alone. The primary endpoint is the incidence of chronic post-sternotomy pain at three months, assessed with the Turkish version of the Brief Pain Inventory - Short Form. Secondary endpoints cover acute pain scores, opioid consumption, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and complications.

Postoperative pain following mastectomy may adversely affect early mobilization, patient comfort, and overall quality of recovery. Serratus anterior plane block is an ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia technique that provides analgesia to the anterolateral thoracic wall and is increasingly used as part of multimodal analgesia for breast surgery. Although the analgesic efficacy of serratus anterior plane block has been investigated in breast surgery, the clinical impact of the timing of block administration remains insufficiently defined. This prospective, randomized, controlled, patient and assessor blinded clinical trial will compare two different timings of ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block in adult female patients undergoing elective unilateral mastectomy under general anesthesia. Participants will be randomized to receive serratus anterior plane block either after induction of general anesthesia and before surgical incision, or after completion of surgery and before extubation. In both groups, the block will be performed under ultrasound guidance using 25 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine. The primary outcome is postoperative quality of recovery at 24 hours, assessed using the Quality of Recovery-15 questionnaire. Secondary outcomes include postoperative pain scores at predefined time points during the first 24 postoperative hours, intraoperative remifentanil consumption, postoperative opioid and non-opioid analgesic requirements, time to first analgesic requirement, postoperative nausea and vomiting, length of hospital stay, complications, inflammatory response markers including CRP and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and intraoperative hemodynamic variables. The study is planned to enroll 80 participants at a single tertiary training and research hospital. The findings are expected to clarify whether preincisional administration of serratus anterior plane block provides superior postoperative recovery, analgesic efficacy, and modulation of inflammatory response compared with administration at the end of surgery.

This study will compare two different sedation approaches used during gastroscopy, colonoscopy, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). One group will receive dexmedetomidine alone (opioid-free sedation), while the other group will receive dexmedetomidine combined with remifentanil (opioid-based sedation). The purpose of the study is to determine whether an opioid-free sedation approach can reduce opioid-related adverse symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, headache, and fatigue. The study will also evaluate quality of recovery, patient and healthcare staff satisfaction, hemodynamic effects, complications, and time to discharge after the procedure.

The goal of this observational study is to learn about the effects of two pain control techniques used after laparoscopic nephrectomy (kidney removal surgery) in adults. The study will compare Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) block and External Oblique Rectus Abdominis (EXORA) block, which are both used as part of routine medical care to help control pain after surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are: Do ESP block and EXORA block differ in how well they control pain after surgery? Do ESP block and EXORA block differ in their effects on recovery quality and the need for additional pain medication? Researchers will compare participants who receive ESP block with participants who receive EXORA block as part of routine clinical care. Participants will: Undergo laparoscopic nephrectomy according to routine clinical practice. Receive either ESP block or EXORA block based on the treating anesthesiologist's usual clinical preference. Complete a recovery questionnaire before surgery and 24 hours after surgery. Have pain scores, use of additional pain medication, nausea and vomiting, and other routine postoperative measurements recorded during the first 24 hours after surgery.

This prospective, randomized, assessor-blinded, parallel-group clinical trial evaluates the effectiveness of a home-based upper extremity-focused prehabilitation program in women undergoing breast cancer surgery. Participants will be randomized 1:1 to either prehabilitation or usual care. Primary outcomes include shoulder range of motion and upper extremity function (DASH score). Secondary outcomes include grip strength, pain, fatigue, disability, anxiety/depression, and lymphedema incidence up to 2 years postoperatively.

Neurological dysfunction either transient or permanent is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after cardiopulmonary bypass, and cognitive dysfunction is more frequent in cardiac surgery than in non-cardiac procedures. Variations in cerebral blood flow and oxygen extraction are considered key contributing factors. Although pulsatile flow during bypass has shown benefits for renal function and recovery, its effects on postoperative neurological dysfunction and delirium remain unclear due to limited research. This study aims to evaluate the impact of pulsatile versus non-pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass flow on POCD in adult CABG patients by measuring middle cerebral artery (MCA) flow using transcranial Doppler.

Laparoscopic colorectal surgery is associated with an increased risk of intraoperative atelectasis due to pneumoperitoneum, Trendelenburg positioning, and prolonged anesthesia duration. Atelectasis developing during surgery may persist into the postoperative period and contribute to postoperative pulmonary complications. Automated lung recruitment maneuvers delivered by modern anesthesia ventilators may offer a standardized method to improve lung aeration and reduce atelectasis. This prospective, randomized, single-center controlled trial aims to evaluate the effect of automated intraoperative lung recruitment maneuvers on atelectasis detected by lung ultrasonography in patients undergoing elective major laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery. Adult patients will be randomized to receive either automated lung recruitment maneuvers or standard mechanical ventilation without recruitment. Lung ultrasonography will be used to assess atelectasis at predefined perioperative time points. The primary outcome is the incidence of atelectasis detected by lung ultrasound, and secondary outcomes include postoperative pulmonary complications, length of intensive care unit stay, length of hospital stay, and perioperative hemodynamic instability.

The climate crisis and environmental pollution are escalating day by day, making the reduction of carbon footprints increasingly important both on an individual and industrial level. Inhalational anesthetic agents are widely used in daily anesthesia practice. However, some of these agents are released into the environment either unchanged or as metabolic by-products. It can take hundreds of years for these substances to be fully eliminated from nature. Therefore, there is a growing interest in identifying alternative anesthetic agents that are fully metabolized, do not produce waste, have a shorter duration of action, and pose less harm to ecosystems. Recent clinical studies have shown that dexmedetomidine, when administered intraoperatively via infusion without a loading dose and in combination with inhalational agents, provides more stable hemodynamics and results in a shorter postoperative recovery period. Commonly used as a long-term sedative agent in intensive care units, dexmedetomidine has gained popularity in the intraoperative setting due to its stable hemodynamic profile, low incidence of withdrawal symptoms, and faster recovery. In this study, it is aimed to demonstrate the potential use of dexmedetomidine-whose pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties are well-known to experienced anesthesiologists-as an alternative to inhalational anesthetic agents for the maintenance of anesthesia, particularly in the geriatric patient population.

Dear participant Participants's patient, who is participants's first-degree relative, who is connected to a ventilator in the intensive care unit, unconscious and not authorized to give informed consent, has been invited to participate in the study titled 'Does transcutaneous phrenic nerve stimulation prevent diaphragm atrophy? In order to strengthen this muscle and prevent loss of function, investigator provide electrical stimulation between the rib cage and abdomen through the skin with the tens device, causing the muscle to contract and enabling our patient to leave the respirator early. Investigator aimed to investigate the protective effect of the tens device on the diaphragm by evaluating the diaphragm muscle with the ultrasonography device during the period when it is connected to the respirator. For this reason, the diaphragm will be contracted by giving electrical stimulation three times a day for 30 minutes with the tens device for 5 days during the period when participants's patient is connected to the respirator, and intermittent diaphragm ultrasound will be evaluated. Participants or participants's legal guardian are asked to approve the use of participants's medical records during participants's treatment in the intensive care unit, provided that participants's personal information is kept confidential. Participants will not incur any financial burden by participating in the study and participants will not receive any additional payment. Participants are free to leave the study at any time if deemed necessary, and the researcher can terminate the study if deemed necessary. The information obtained within the scope of the research can be used for scientific purposes and can be presented and published provided that the confidentiality record is respected. I have read (or orally listened to) the text above, which contains the information given to the participants before the research began. I agree to participate in the study as a Volunteer. I consent to the use of my medical information. I also understand that if I do not agree to participate in the study, my treatment will be carried out in full without interruption. Participant name and surname: Participant's relative's name and surname: Degree of closeness: Signature / Date:

In this study, the investigators planned to evaluate the effect of alveolar recruitment strategy primarily on postoperative pulmonary complications in obese patients undergoing lung protective ventilation in major open gynaeco-oncological surgeries. Our other aim was to evaluate perioperative haemodynamics, respiratory mechanics,inpatient length of stay.