Clinical trials

The goal of this clinical trial is to study how physical exercise works when applied to patients diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The main questions it aims to answer are: * What are the antiinflammatory and oxidative stress and neural mechanisms involved in the antidepressant effects of exercise? * How effective is a physical exercise program in MDD patients in real-life conditions? The experimental group will receive an exercise intervention as an add-on to their usual treatment (antidepressant treatment prescribed by the attending specialist). Researchers will compare to a control group, which will only receive standard treatment (antidepressant treatment prescribed by the attending specialist) and will be instructed to not change their usual physical activity. The aim is to see if a physical exercise intervention would induce a significant improvement in depressive symptoms and which mechanisms are responsible for this result.

Aaeroallergen Immunotherapy (AIT) is indicated in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and asthma, and has shown efficacy to control symptoms and induce immunomodulatory changes that support post discontinuation efficacy. Data from clinical trials provides founding for its efficacy and safety profile, but the therapy needs to be withheld for a minimum of 3 years, with modalities that imply daily or near daily administration of a sublingual extract, or subcutaneous injections, every 4 to 6 weeks. This treatment regimen often faces other limitations such as cost, patient´s lack of knowledge regarding efficacy/safety, or potentiality of adverse reactions. These factors have been pointed out as main reasons for a reported low level of treatment adherence in real life. While overall literature data on treatment adherence ranges widely, from 6% to 93% of patients finalising the minimum of 3 years, current data from precise German registries inform of persistence at 3 years being very low, varying from 5.2% to 18.2% with differences depending on extract, route and patient´s age. Surprisingly, even if the Scientific community acknowledges patient adherence as a very relevant weak point, there´s paucity of structured strategies to tackle this issue, and those available, have mostly been developed in single centers, for periods below the 3 years of AIT recommended duration. In the era of technology, and with the spreading of mobile applications (App), new approaches are currently ongoing to counteract this important drawback . In this landscape, this study aims at creating a new App that will be thoroughly tested in a prospective long-term randomized trial, to improve AIT persistence.

Allergy to Cow's milk and hen´s egg proteins are the most common causes of food allergies in early childhood and are associated with the occurrence of adverse events that may be life-threatening, quality of life impairment and negative nutritional and health economic impact. However, contrarily to other food allergy models such as nuts/peanut allergy, milk and egg allergy have greater chances of natural resolution. While around 50% of children may outgrow milk or egg allergy by the age of 5 years old, only 22% of peanut allergic children at the age of 4 years can tolerate this food. However, it is also documented that, at 14 years of age, the persistence of milk and egg allergy still affects around 30% of these children. Standard of care relies on food avoidance and treatment of accidental reactions, but this approach is unsatisfactory because adverse events and quality of life limitations still remain. Milk and egg Oral Immunotherapy (OIT) is the most promising therapeutic alternative and showed good results to induce Desensitization (ability to tolerate the food while it is regularly taken) but insufficient efficacy to achieve Sustained Unresponsiveness (SU) (ability to tolerate the food after a period of avoidance). In the day-to-day practice, families and allergists of milk and egg allergic children frequently face the following dilemma: what is the best approach? Keep waiting for natural resolution or embarking in OIT? At the moment, there are only very limited data to guide this decision, specially in children with mild to moderate allergy, that still after 6 years of age withhold relevant chances of naturally outgrowing their allergy. Our objective is conducting a longitudinal cohort-study of children undergoing food avoidance and children undergoing OIT to assess biomarkers of natural allergy resolution/persistence and OIT Desensitization/Sustained Unresponsiveness trajectories.

This is an observational study where pregnant women treated with non-anti-TNF agents or targeted small molecules approved for IBD treatment will be included. Although it is a multicentre, nationwide study, the number of patients to be included is expected to be relatively low (in DUMBO 1, during 5 years of recruitment, 88 patients treated with ustekimunab, 34 treated with vedolizumab, and 2 exposed to tofacitinib were included); however, this registry involved over 60 Spanish centres and it is a paramount study providing with data on the safety of drugs during pregnancy, as patients with this condition are excluded from clinical trials. In this regard, no sample size estimation was made, as we plan to include all patients who meet the inclusion criteria and consent their enrolment.

The objective of this study is to compare the accuracy and correlation of the capnodynamic method for measuring mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) with the standard reference method (pulmonary artery catheter), with the potential for the capnodynamic method to replace the traditional method in selected cases.

Rectal cancer is one of the most frequent malignant tumors nowadays. There are several possible treatment options including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. Surgery for early stage rectal cancer can be either a radical surgery (RS) or a local excision (LE). A radical surgery removes the rectum including the tumor and the lymph nodes through which it spreads, improving survival but with a possible impact in the patients quality of life (QoL). A local excision only removes the tumor and a safety margin of healthy rectum. This has the potential to avoid the possible complications and QoL decrease. However there are some complications after a LE and also poor prognostic factors inherent to the tumor biology that can lead the surgical team to perform a RS after LE with worse outcomes. These are impossible to know before the procedure. The goal of this registry is to determine the frequency of these poor prognostic biological factors and complications in patients undergoing LE for early rectal cancer. The main question it aims to answer are: • How frequently does LE allow for rectum preservation? Participants will undergo LE for early rectal cancer when it is considered the best treatment by their surgeons according to their expertise and protocols. Patients will follow the standard treatment that would be given to them, and the biological prognostic factors and the appearance of complications will be recorded.