Clinical trials

This is a 3-month, single-center, prospective, randomized, parallel-controlled, open-label trial investigating the effects of metformin combined with dapagliflozin on serum IGF-1 levels in male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). A total of 84 eligible male patients (aged 30-60 years, HbA1c 7.0%-10.0%, CAP ≥248 dB/m, on stable metformin monotherapy for ≥8 weeks) will be randomized 1:1 to either continue metformin alone or receive metformin plus dapagliflozin 10 mg/day for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint is the change in serum IGF-1 from baseline to 3 months between groups. Secondary endpoints include changes in hepatic steatosis (CAP), liver stiffness (LSM), FIB-4 index, metabolic parameters, and safety outcomes. The study aims to determine whether adding dapagliflozin to metformin can restore the suppressed GH-IGF-1 axis and provide mechanistic insights into its hepatoprotective effects.

This multicenter randomized controlled trial evaluates the short-term (7-day) effects of different rowing-cycling exercise regimens on postprandial glycemic excursions in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients (aged 18-60 years, diagnosis ≤12 months, drug-naïve). A total of 120 participants will be randomized into five groups: control, moderate-intensity continuous cycling, high-intensity interval rowing, and standard combined exercise (rowing + cycling, 50 min). The primary outcome is inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-10, hs-CRP), body Composition and functional Indicators. Secondary outcomes include change in continuous glucose monitoring-derived glycemic variability (CONGA), and time-in-range. Mixed-effects models will quantify dose-response relationships and identify key effect modifiers (e.g., age). This study aims to establish an evidence-based precision exercise prescription for early-stage type 2 diabetes management.

Mitochondrial diabetes mellitus (MDM) is a rare subtype of diabetes caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, often accompanied by hepatic steatosis. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a key electron carrier and antioxidant, may improve mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism. This prospective study aims to evaluate the effect of 12-week CoQ10 supplementation (300 mg/day) on liver fat content (assessed by FibroTouch CAP ) in MDM patients with m.3243A\>G mutation. An exploratory case-control design will compare baseline characteristics among MDM patients, type 1 diabetes patients, and healthy controls. This study is the first to explore the link between mitochondrial defects and hepatic fat accumulation specifically in MDM, and to test CoQ10 as a potential therapy, offering new insights for both MDM and MAFLD management.