Clinical trials

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if topical lidocaine gel can effectively reduce pain intensity compared to oral duloxetine in adult patients (aged 30-70 years) with type 2 diabetes suffering from painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The main questions it aims to answer are: Is there a significant difference in the reduction of pain intensity (measured by the Numeric Rating Scale) between topical lidocaine 2% gel and oral duloxetine after 8 weeks of treatment? How does the safety and tolerability profile of topical lidocaine gel compare with oral duloxetine in this patient population? Researchers will compare Group A (Topical Lidocaine 2% gel applied to the affected areas of both feet twice daily) to Group B (Oral Duloxetine 60 mg taken once daily) to see if topical lidocaine provides comparable pain relief to oral duloxetine with a reduction in systemic adverse drug reactions. Participants will: Complete a baseline clinical assessment, including nerve pain evaluation using the DN4 questionnaire and rating their pain severity on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Be randomly assigned to receive either topical lidocaine 2% gel applied twice daily to both feet or oral duloxetine capsules (30 mg once daily for 2 weeks, then escalated to 60 mg once daily) for 8 consecutive weeks. Maintain their existing routine antidiabetic medications throughout the study. Attend an interim safety check visit at Week 4 to report and document any side effects or adverse drug reactions. Attend a final evaluation visit at Week 8 to record their post-treatment NRS pain score and complete safety reporting.

This randomized clinical trial compared intraperitoneal irrigation of bupivacaine(a local anesthetic) vs a control group receiving normal saline for relief of post operative pain following laparoscopic gallbladder surgery. A total of 106 patients divided into two equal groups, with one group receiving bupivacaine and the other treated using normal saline(control).Previous studies on the subject found that bupivacaine significantly reduced postoperative pain. Although conventional intravenous analgesics remain widely used, bupivacaine may be a better option, especially in difficult surgical cases.