About this trial
This study aims to systematically compare the levels of anticipated illness stigma and illness identity among men diagnosed with hypogonadism to those of men with other chronic endocrine conditions (e.g., diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, and hypertension). Furthermore, it examines whether these psychosocial variables predict quality-of-life deterioration specifically within the hypogonadism cohort.
Eligibility criteria
Qualifiers
Male, aged 18 years or older.
Biochemically confirmed hypogonadism (total testosterone < 300 ng/dL with at least one clinical symptom).
Regular follow-up at the endocrinology outpatient clinic.
Fluent in reading and understanding Turkish.
Disqualifiers
Active psychiatric diagnosis (e.g., active psychosis, bipolar disorder).
Chronic inflammatory or rheumatological diseases affecting body composition (e.g., chronic kidney disease, IBD, rheumatoid arthritis, SLE, ankylosing spondylitis).
Uncontrolled co-existing endocrine conditions or severe complications (e.g., HbA1c > 8.0%, diabetic neuropathy/nephropathy/retinopathy, non-euthyroid state).
Cognitive impairment or dementia precluding questionnaire completion.
Trial design
Treatments tested in this trial
- Not listed
Trial groups
Sponsors and collaborators
Hacettepe University
Lead sponsor
Bingol University
Sponsor institution