To determine the combined effects of 4-7-8 breathing technique and stationary cycle on physical performance, quality of life and dyspnea in post CABG patients.
Patients who underwent a successful CABG (no complications during surgery
and/or in the following weeks)
Female and male whose age between 40 to 70 years of age
Phase II cardiac rehab patients
Ventricular Septal defect repair.
Patients have limitation of motion that prevents them from performing physical activities such as walking for 6 minute.
Patients who had undergone previous cardiac surgery.
Severe renal dysfunction requiring dialysis.
Parallel
4-7-8 breathing technique
Other interventionTreatment will be given 18 exercise sessions per month (four to five times per week). The patient at first will be directed to sit or lie down, in which manner they feel sense of comfort. Then they are asked to exhale completely through mouth emptying their lungs. Then closing their lips and inhaling silently through nose while counting on the count of 4 seconds, holding their breath for a count of 7 seconds and exhale slowly through semi-closed lips making a Whoosh sound for a count of 8 seconds. Inhale, hold breath, and exhale ratio of 4:7:8. In aerobic protocol, F (frequency) subjects will receive training up to 18 exercise sessions per month (four to five times per week). I (intensity) subjects will receive training up to intensity of 70 to 75 %, T \& T (Time and Type) subjects will receive training up to 20 minutes of bicycling.
Stationary Cycling
Other interventionIn aerobic protocol, F (frequency) subjects will receive training up to 18 exercise sessions per month (four to five times per week). I (intensity) subjects will receive training up to intensity of 70 to 75 %, T \& T (Time and Type) subjects will receive training up to 20 minutes of bicycling
Physical Performance 6MWT
Changes from baseline The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) was developed by American Thoracic society and was officially introduced in 2002, coming along with a comprehensive guideline. The 6MWT is an easy, safe, reliable and simple cardiopulmonary sub maximal functional testing modality, used to assess functional capacity and to evaluate the cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation treatment or intervention. (16) The individuals were requested to walk as far-off as they are able to on a smooth area for about 6 minutes. Individuals were permitted to take a rest or stop from walking if it was required then continue again as quick as they can. The distance covered by individuals for this test was measured in meters.
SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire version 2.0
Changes from baseline the 36 item Short-Form Survey (SF-36) is an outcome measure standardized structured questionnaire that is internationally and widely approved to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of post CABG patients. The questionnaire was developed and used for collecting a data. The content validity was obtained from 7 experts. The questionnaire was found to be valid in assessing QOL. To score the SF-36, scales are standardized with a scoring algorithm or by the SF-36v2 scoring software to obtain a score ranging from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate better health status, and a mean score of 50 has been articulated as a normative value for all scales.
Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale
Changes from baseline Borg rate of perceived exertion (RPE) or Rate of perceived dyspnea (RPD) is an outcome measuring scale was developed by Swedish researcher Gunnar Borg in the 1998, allowing the individuals to rate their level of exertion during exercise subjectively American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), 2010. It is proposed for all patients who underwent and going through Rehabilitation and endurance training as well as used in research. It scores from 0 to 10, using numeric values to rate how much effort an activity takes or to rate the difficulty of breathing. The zero point in a scale, indicates breathing is causing no difficulty at all or no exertion at all progressing through to ten point where breathing difficult is at maximum point.
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