To compare the effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) on functional mobility, muscle strength, and quality of life in individuals with type-2-diabetes.
Both male and female diabetic patients.
Individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for at least five years.
Individuals able to participate in moderate to intense physical activity.
• Individuals with significant orthopedic limitations.
Individuals with uncontrolled cardiovascular disease or musculoskeletal issues.
Individuals with incontinence issues during physical activity or inability to comply to study protocols
Parallel
High Intensity Interval Training
Other intervention3 session per week, 12 weeks sessions continued, each session had 4 sets of 4 minutes exercise with 3 min active rest inbetween routines. total 30 minutes per session, Sprinting and Jump squatting RPE 15-18
Moderate Intensity Continuous Training
Other intervention3 session per week, 12 weeks sessions continued, 40 minutes one single exercise regime with no intervals. Brisk Walking on Treadmill, RPE-11-13
TUG timed up go test
Functional mobility is evaluated by the TUG test. The TUG test has revealed very high test-retest reliability among patients with diabetes, as shown by the ICC values from 0.93 to 0.99
Hand Grip Strength Test
To assess the power of muscles a dynamometer used to test the gripping power of participants making an objective estimate of the strength of the muscles in the upper body. This method had the same validity as that of the whole functional capacity in diabetic populations, with coefficients of 0.70 to 0.85 being most common
Chair Stand Test
In order to evaluate again the strength of the lower limb muscles. The individuals were measured how fast they could stand up from a chair and sit down again and again, which is an indicator of muscle endurance and functional strength. The test has shown really high reliability in diabetic populations with ICC values being around 0.85 to 0.91.
The Borg 6-20 Scale
The Borg 6-20 scale used to measure the rate of perceived exertion. It has a strong relationship with heart rate and oxygen consumption with the range of correlation coefficients between 0.80 and 0.88 for diabetic individuals. The Borg RPE scale in T2DM has a test-retest reliability indicated by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of about 0.85 to 0.92, which means that people give similar ratings of their exertion consistently across repeated sessions in similar exercise conditions
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