This randomized controlled study aims to evaluate the effect of consecutive skin-to-skin contact applied by the mother and father on breastfeeding parameters and parent-infant bonding in babies born by cesarean section. The study includes two groups: an intervention group receiving consecutive skin-to-skin contact by the father followed by the mother, and a control group receiving routine postnatal care. Breastfeeding success and parental bonding will be assessed using validated measurement tools during the early postnatal period and follow-up.
Mothers who delivered by cesarean section
Mothers and fathers willing to participate and provide written informed consent
Newborns who are stable after birth
No health conditions in mothers or fathers that would prevent participation in skin-to-skin contact
Serious maternal or neonatal illness
Newborns requiring NICU admission
Mothers or fathers unwilling to participate
Any maternal or paternal condition preventing the implementation of skin-to-skin contact
Parallel
Intervention
BehavioralConsecutive skin-to-skin contact is applied to newborns born by cesarean section, first by the father for 30 minutes immediately after birth, followed by skin-to-skin contact with the mother as soon as maternal clinical condition allows. Routine newborn care is provided alongside the intervention.
Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale (MPAS)
Maternal-infant attachment will be measured using the Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale (MPAS). This 19-item Likert-type self-report scale assesses the mother's emotions and thoughts toward her infant.
Paternal Postnatal Attachment Scale (PPAS)
Paternal-infant attachment will be measured using the Paternal Postnatal Attachment Scale (PPAS). This 19-item scale evaluates the father's emotional approach, involvement, and interaction with the infant.
Bristol Breastfeeding Assessment Tool (BBAT)
Breastfeeding success will be assessed using the Bristol Breastfeeding Assessment Tool (BBAT). The tool evaluates mother-infant interaction during breastfeeding, infant positioning, latch, and sucking effectiveness, providing a systematic score of breastfeeding performance.
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