1. To assess the effect of high-intensity interval training on peak metabolic equivalents in patients with coronary heart disease after the coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. 2. To assess the effect of a home-based cardiac rehabilitation program on peak metabolic equivalents in patients with coronary heart disease after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. 3. To compare functional outcomes between the different treatment approaches.
Participants will be eligible if they are clinically stable as defined by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association.
Only Participants will be stratified as low to moderate risk as identified by the American College of Sport Medicine/
Mean age ± standard deviation, 55 ± 3 years.
All patients underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery, rested at home for at least one month, and then returned to the center for a cardiac rehabilitation program
Patients will be excluded from this study if they had an ejection fraction of less than 40% at rest (high risk as defined by American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation Stratification).
Mental health disorders (such an anxiety or depression).
Any vision or hearing defects or any neurological, respiratory, or musculoskeletal conditions that have an impact on ambulation.
Irreversible heart failure.
Parallel
High Intensity Interval Training program
Other interventionHigh-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) includes a 5-minute warm-up, followed by a 3-minute training session at 60% to 70% of heart rate reserve and four 4-minute high-intensity intervals at 80% to 90% of heart rate reserve. Each interval is followed by a 3-minute active recovery at 60% to 70% of heart rate reserve, concluding with a 4-minute cool-down. Subjects without balance or leg issues performed treadmill exercises, while those with such complaints used a leg ergo-cycle.
home-based cardiac rehabilitation intervention
Other interventionThe home-based cardiac rehabilitation program utilizes Physio-tools software for exercise management. Participants will receive a data sheet for exercise logging, a color-coded program, and a Polar watch. Weekly phone support will provide encouragement and answer questions. The program involves moderate-intensity exercises, 3 times a week, including circuit training for 45 minutes, with structured warm-up, aerobic, and cool-down phases.
no intervention program
Other interventionThe control group had no intervention program. Based on current standard practice, all participants will be given an instruction booklet that contains instructions and precautions about surgery, wound care and encouragement to be active.
assessment of Exercise capacity
Exercise capacity will be evaluated through a symptom-limited graded treadmill exercise test following the Bruce protocol, starting at 1.7 mph and a 10% incline. The intensity will increase every 3 minutes until the participant reaches exhaustion or meets clinical termination criteria. Capacity will be measured in metabolic equivalents (METs), with peak metabolic equivalents calculated based on the highest workload achieved. Estimated oxygen consumption will be expressed in mL·kg-¹·min-¹ and converted to METs. The main outcome will be the change in peak metabolic equivalents from baseline to post-intervention assessment.
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