The purpose of this study is to investigate if there is any effect of the respiratory training on cardiopulmonary functions in patients with upper cross syndrome post-cardiac surgery.
Hypothesis:
Null hypothesis: There is no effect of the respiratory training on pulmonary functions in patients with upper cross syndrome post-cardiac surgery.
Sixty post-CABG-male-patients for at least three months and their age ranges from 45 to 55 years old.
Craniovertebral angle < 51°, but not less than 30°.
Non-specific chronic neck pain: defined as neck pain without an identifiable pathological cause and attributed to poor posture without radiation to upper limbs.
VAS score between 3-7.
Rheumatoid arthritis, cervical disc pathology, and traumatic neck pain.
History of respiratory disease and clinical signs of severe cardiac events.
Neurological disorders which affect the diaphragm.
Patients whose BMI is less than 25, or greater than 30 kg/m2.
Parallel
Respiratory Muscle Training by (The Breather)
Other interventionPatients are instructed to inhale deeply and forcefully (at non fatigable resistance) for 2-3 seconds, slight pause, and then exhale forcefully for 2-3 seconds for 10 repetitions with 2 sets.
Traditional physical therapy program
Other interventionTraditional physical therapy program in form of: (TENS / Low-intensity continuous ultrasonic / Infrared radiation application / Cervical Stabilization exercise )
Pulmonary functions:
Measurements of ventilatory function are recorded before and after receiving the treatment sessions (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, MVV). Assessing respiratory improvement. Unit of Measure: Liters (L)
Six-Minute-Walk Test
Patients are asked to walk for 6 minutes along a flat corridor. Measured in meters, assessing exercise capacity and functional improvement. The SpO2 and heart rate are measured continuously during testing. Heart Rate (HR): Measured in beats per minute (BPM), evaluating cardiovascular response. SpO2 (Peripheral Oxygen Saturation): Assessing: Blood oxygen saturation levels to evaluate respiratory and cardiovascular efficiency. Unit of Measure: Percentage (%)
VO2 max (Maximal Oxygen Consumption)
Assessing: Maximum oxygen uptake during high-intensity exercise to evaluate aerobic capacity and cardiopulmonary function. Estimated based on an equation which contains: weight is body weight (kg), 6MWD is distance walked in 6 min (m), age (years), BMI is calculated body mass index(kg/m2), height is body height (cm) and HR is heart rate at the end of the walking test. Unit of Measure: mL/kg/min
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.
Respondents are asked to indicate how frequently they have experienced certain sleep difficulties and rate them. Scores for each question range from 0 to 3, with higher scores indicating more acute sleep disturbances.
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