This study aims to compare the effects of Pilates, with its emphasis on proper breathing and muscle activation, and aerobic exercises, known for improving cardiovascular fitness, on dyspnea, anxiety, and functional capacity in COPD patients.
The both male and female participants will be included in the study.
The age of included participants will be 45-65 years old.
Diagnosed COPD patients of stage 2-3 according to gold criteria (moderate)
When the patients started the exercise program, they were stable, and none of them showed any clinical signs of neuromuscular or cardiovascular conditions that would prevent them from exercising.
Participants who had recent abdominal and chest surgeries will be excluded.
Patients having history of cardiac arrhythmias or potential ECG alterations,
Patients who are unable to follow commands.
Participants presented with severe neuro-musculoskeletal abnormalities.
Parallel
Pilates Exercises
Other interventionGroup A will undergo Pilates exercise training, scheduled three times weekly over an 8-week period, for elderly individuals with COPD the duration and time interval time for Pilates exercise can vary depending on their overall health, fitness level, and tolerance. It begins with warm-up with 10-15 minutes which may include gentle stretches and deep breathing Maintain proper breathing during exercise and gradually increase the intensity as the person becomes stronger. The exercise sessions lasting around 10-15 minutes and then gradually progressing to 20-30 minutes as the participants become more comfortable and their endurance improves. Maintain proper breathing during exercise and gradually increase the intensity as the person becomes stronger. The rest interval will be 1-2 minutes between exercise and then gradually reducing it to 30 seconds or less. Pilates session ends with a cool-down which may involve stretching and relaxation with duration of about 5-10 minutes.
Aerobic Exercises
Other interventionGroup B will engage in Aerobic exercise plan, following the same frequency and duration as the Pilates exercise program-three sessions per week for 8 weeks, It begins with a warm-up of 5-10 minutes to prepare body for exercise it includes gentle movements, stretching, or a few minutes of low-intensity aerobic activity. It includes main exercise with moderate intensity like brisk walking or jogging with duration of 5-10 minutes and increase to 20-30 minutes as participants improves their endurance. The short interval begins with 1-2 minutes than gradually reducing it to 30 seconds or less as a person builds up stamina and fitness. The cool-down duration at end of exercise will be 5-10 minutes.
Dyspnea
The modified Medical Research Council scale (mMRC scale) is largely used in the assessment of dyspnea in chronic respiratory diseases. The mMRC scale is a 5-point (0-4) scale based on the severity of dyspnea. It is a quantitative assessment tool only for breathlessness. It assesses the effectiveness of treatment on an individual bass. Compare the effectiveness of a treatment within a population and Predict survival times and rates.
Functional Capacity
In the context of COPD functional capacity refers to a person's ability to perform daily activities and exercise without experiencing excessive shortness of breath or fatigue. It is an important measure to assess the function of a person with COPD therefore in present study it will be assessed by 6 minutes' walk distance.
Anxiety
The Self rating anxiety scale is a 20-item self-report assessment device built to measure anxiety levels, based on scoring in 4 groups of manifestations: cognitive, autonomic, motor and central nervous system symptoms. Answering the statements, a person should indicate how much each statement applies to him or her within a period of one or two weeks prior to taking the test. Each question is scored on a Likert-type scale of 1-4 (based on these replies: "a little of the time", "some of the time", "good part of the time", "most of the time"). Some questions are negatively worded to avoid the problem of set response. Overall assessment is done by total score.
Click on the lead sponsor to view all of their trials.
