Plantar fasciitis is a prevalent ailment that affects the plantar fascia, a dense tissue strip that spans the underside of the foot, from the heel bone to the toes. Football players are especially susceptible to this ailment because of the sport's high-impact nature, which includes repetitive sprinting, jumping, and quick changes in direction. Taping has been used for many years for various ailments. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of two taping techniques i.e. windlass taping and calcaneal taping on pain, flexibility and lower extremity function in football players.
positive windlass test
Pain can appear after a period of intense training, normally declines with the warm up and reappears at the end of training.
Intense and acute heel pain localized primarily where plantar fascia attaches to the anterior calcaneus.
The pain presents on first walking in the morning or after a rest period.
Congenital deformity of ankle and foot.
History of foot and ankle fracture.
History of ankle and foot surgery.
Previous surgery or treatment for plantar fasciitis in the previous 6 months.
Parallel
Calcaneal taping
Other interventionCalcaneal taping is a method employed to offer assistance and relieve discomfort in the heel and ankle area. Start with a clean surface and apply first tape from lateral malleolus, pulling calcaneus in medial direction and attach to medial malleolus. Apply two more tapes in the same manner going distally. Apply an anchor tape at back of heel.
Windlass taping
Other interventionBegin by anchoring the tape just above the ball of the foot (metatarsal heads). Tear or cut a strip of tape, approximately 2-3 inches long, and place it horizontally around the foot, securing the starting point. Pull the tape diagonally across the bottom of the foot, aiming to support the arch. The tape should be applied with moderate tension to provide support without causing discomfort. While keeping tension on the tape, extend the big toe (great toe) upward. As the toe extends, the tape should tighten, activating the windlass mechanism and providing additional arch support.
numeric pain rating scale
This is a self-report assessment where participants evaluate their pain using a number scale. The scale normally spans from 0 to 10, where 0 signifies the absence of pain and 10 signifies the most severe agony imaginable.
hubscher maneuver
It is a method of evaluating the flexibility of a pes planus or flat foot type. The test is performed with the patient weight bearing, with the foot flat on the ground, while the clinician dorsiflexors the hallux and watches for an increasing concavity of the Arches of the foot
calcaneal stance phase angle
it is the sngle between calcaneal bisection and vertical line to floor when patient is standing erect on flat surface.
lower extremity functional scale
The Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) is a patient-reported instrument used to assess the level of functioning in cases of lower extremity musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders. The LEFS has 20 questions with scores ranging from 0 (severe difficulty/inability to execute activity) to 4 (no difficulties). The overall score can be calculated by adding the points for each item.
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