Diabetic kidney disease(DKD) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease across the world. Early identification of DKD is vitally important for the effective prevention and control of it. However, the available indicators are doubtful in the early diagnosis of DKD. This study aims to develop a novel system of multidimensional network biomarkers (MDNBs) to estimating early diabetic nephropathy, and further validating the performance of the novel systemin in prediction of the risk for early diabetic nephropathy by a nested case-control study.
Subjects who have signed informed consent.
Subjects who were diagnosed with diabetes at least 5 years.
Subjects showed good compliance, and the follow-up data was available for >5 years.
Renal diseases caused by other causes, including primary and secondary;
All kinds of acute infections;
The expected life expectancy (life expectancy or related diseases) was less than 5 years according to the researcher's judgment.
Drug users or drug abusers;
The diagnosis of T2DM in our study complied with the criteria set out by the American Diabetes Association. The inclusion criteria are as follows: for all patients diagnosed with T2DM without CKD. After five years of following up，participants were recruited and then divided into two groups: T2DM group without nephropathy(non-DKD, UACR urinary albumin/creatinine ratio \< 3 mg/mmol) and DKD group with microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria (DKD, UACR \> 3 mg/mmol)
Case-control
Prospective
Not listed
multidimensional network biomarkers
a novel system of multidimensional network biomarkers (MDNBs) based on a widely targeted metabolomics. Our previous study demonstrated that the combination of Linolelaidic Acid (C18:2N6T), L-Dihydroorotic Acid, and Azoxystrobin Acid might serve as a potential multidimensional network biomarkers of DKD. So we create a panel of MDNBs containing these biomakers as primary outcome measure.
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Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University
Lead sponsor
Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
Collaborator
Lishui Country People's Hospital
Collaborator
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