About this trial
In current study the investigators aim to compare between nalbuphine versus tramadol for post-operative pain control in abdominal surgeries in pediatric.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
Participants will be children aged 3-12 years
American society of anesthesia (ASA) classification I-III.
scheduled for elective Abdominal surgery under general anesthesia
Disqualifiers
child guardian refusal.
Allergy from Tramal or nalbuphine
Patient with previous chronic pain on opioids
Trial design
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Nalbuphine
Drugthis group will a single dose of nalbuphine (0.2 mg/kg) immediately after surgery to be repeated every 8 hours for the duration of the study (72 hours)
Tramadol
Drugthis group will receive a single dose of tramadol (2 mg/kg) immediately after surgery to be repeated every 8 hours for the duration of the study (72 hours).
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
time to first rescue analgesia
Time to first analgesic request( paracetamol)
Secondary outcomes
Frequency of paracetamol consumption
Postoperative paracetamol frequency
Wong-barker faces pain rating scale score
Wong-barker faces pain rating scale score will be measured every 8 hours. The Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale is a tool that uses a combination of faces, numbers, and words to help a person effectively communicate the severity of their physical pain. The scale starts at 0 and ends at 10, with the numbers increasing in intervals of 2. Each number relates to both a face and a small descriptive phrase. It is flexible because if someone uses the numbers, they may not need the faces or the wording. The phrase relating to each numerical value is as follows: 0: no hurt or pain, 2: it hurts a little bit,4: it hurts a little more ,6: it hurts even more,8: it hurts a whole lot 10: it hurts the worst
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