About this trial
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to compare the effects of Nordic Hamstring Exercise (NHE) and Blood Flow Restriction-assisted Nordic Hamstring Exercise (BFR-NHE) on hamstring muscle strength, muscle morphology, and functional performance in elite adolescent female pole vaulters. Thirty-six athletes aged 12-18 years will be randomly assigned to a Nordic Hamstring Exercise group, a Blood Flow Restriction-assisted Nordic Hamstring Exercise group, or a control group. Intervention groups will participate in supervised exercise training three times per week for eight weeks, while the control group will continue routine sports training. Outcomes will be assessed before and after the intervention period.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Female athletes aged between 12 and 18 years.
Elite pole vault athletes actively participating in organized training and competition.
Minimum of 1 year of regular pole vault training experience.
Participation in regular training at least 3 times per week.
Disqualifiers
Any lower extremity musculoskeletal injury within the previous 6 months.
Previous hamstring muscle surgery.
Current pain or injury limiting sports participation.
Neurological disorders affecting movement or balance.
Trial design
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Nordic Hamstring Exercise
BehavioralParticipants will perform a supervised Nordic Hamstring Exercise program three times per week for 8 weeks in addition to their routine pole vault training. The exercise program will be progressively increased according to participant tolerance and training progression.
Blood Flow Restriction-Assisted Nordic Hamstring Exercise
Behavioralarticipants will perform a supervised Nordic Hamstring Exercise program combined with individualized blood flow restriction training three times per week for 8 weeks in addition to their routine pole vault training. Blood flow restriction will be applied using pneumatic cuffs at a predetermined percentage of arterial occlusion pressure.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Hamstring Muscle Strength
Isometric hamstring muscle strength will be assessed bilaterally using a MicroFET2 handheld dynamometer. Three measurements will be recorded and the average value will be used for analysis.
Hamstring Muscle Thickness
Hamstring muscle thickness will be evaluated bilaterally using ultrasonography. Three measurements will be obtained and averaged.
Hamstring Cross-Sectional Area
Cross-sectional area of the hamstring muscle will be assessed bilaterally using ultrasonography.
Secondary outcomes
30-Meter Sprint Performance
Sprint performance will be assessed using a 30-meter sprint test. The average of three trials will be used for analysis.
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