The objective of the study is to determine the comparative effects of Otago Exercise Program and Kitchen Sink Balance Exercises on strength, fall risk and functional mobility on elderly. This study would include total 56 participants which would be divided into two groups, 28 each. Convenience Sampling will be used and randomly assigned into two groups through sealed envelope method. Intervention Group A received Otago Exercise Program and Group B received Kitchen Sink Balance Exercises. Both groups received intervention for 45 minutes per session, 3 times a week, and for a total of 8 weeks. Assessment was done at the baseline, after 4 weeks and after 8 weeks.
Individuals aged 65 and older.
Both males and females.
Individuals have a score on BBS (21-40)
Willingness to participate
Individuals with Severe Cognitive Impairment that would impede understanding and following exercise instructions.
Individuals having Conditions that contraindicate exercise. (e.g. severe cardiovascular disease)
Individuals with psychiatric disorders and malignancies.
Individuals Aged less than 65 years.
Parallel
Otago exercise program
Other interventionStudy will be conducted after the approval of Ethical review board. After the initial evaluation will be done on participants underlying eligibility criteria. Intervention Group A received Otago Exercise Program and will receive intervention of 45 minutes per session, 3 times a week, and for a total of 8 weeks (24 sessions). The Otago Exercise Program is a fall prevention well designed program for older adults. It includes 17 strength and balance exercises and a walking program, which are typically performed three times a week and helps to prevent falls in older adults by strengthening muscles and improving balance. In this study, modified form of Otago would be used that focuses on balance and strengthening exercises.
Kitchen Sink Balance Exercises
Other interventionStudy will be conducted after the approval of Ethical review board. After the initial evaluation will be done on participants underlying eligibility criteria. Intervention Group B received Kitchen Sink Balance Exercises and will receive intervention of 45 minutes per session, 3 times a week, and for a total of 8 weeks (24 sessions). Kitchen sink balance exercises are beneficial for improving overall Individual's stability, strength, and coordination. These exercises can be easily integrated into daily routine and it also providing a practical way to enhance balance and overall fitness.
Berg Balance Scale
BBS is used for assessment of balance and is considered as a gold standard. It consist of 14 simple task and it takes almost 15-20 minutes to complete. Its 0-4 grading scale where 0 means unable and 4 means independent. Overall score is 56 having interpretation of \<20 indicative of wheel chair user, \>20-\<40 walking with assistance and \>40-56 showing independency of patient. On BBS cut-off score of 40 points provided optimal sensitivity of 0.82 and specificity of 0.67.
Short Physical Performance Battery Score Tool (SPPB)
SPPB is a group of objective assessment tools for balance, lower extremity strength, and functional mobility in older adults (\>65 years of age). The test includes three different domains like walking, sit-to-stand and balance to assess individual's functional mobility. The scoring of this tool range from 0 (worst performance) to 12 (best performance).
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