About this trial
This prospective randomized controlled trial will compare retrograde intrarenal surgery performed after routine preoperative ureteral stenting with direct retrograde intrarenal surgery without planned preoperative stenting in adults with unilateral renal calculi measuring 10-20 mm. The study will evaluate stone-free rate, ureteral access, need for rescue stenting, operative outcomes, complications, staged procedures, postoperative recovery, and auxiliary treatment.
Eligibility criteria
Qualifiers
Adults aged 18-70 years.
Unilateral renal calculi.
Maximum total renal stone burden of 10-20 mm.
Planned treatment with RIRS.
Disqualifiers
Bilateral renal calculi requiring simultaneous surgical treatment.
Active urinary tract infection, sepsis, or infected obstruction requiring urgent drainage.
Solitary kidney when randomization is considered clinically unsafe.
Known ureteral stricture or congenital ureteral abnormality likely to interfere with ureteroscopic access.
Trial design
Treatments tested in this trial
- Preoperative double-J ureteral stenting followed by retrograde intrarenal surgery
- Direct retrograde intrarenal surgery without planned preoperative ureteral stenting