Clinical trials

To compare the embryological and reproductive outcomes of dual trigger versus conventional hCG trigger for final oocyte maturation in normal responder patients undergoing ICSI cycles.

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin and empagliflozin as adjunctive therapies to methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have active disease despite stable methotrexate treatment. The study will compare three groups: methotrexate plus dapagliflozin 10 mg once daily, methotrexate plus empagliflozin 10 mg once daily, and methotrexate alone. Participants will be followed for 3 months. The primary outcome is the change in Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) from baseline to 3 months. Secondary outcomes include changes in serum matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and assessment of safety and tolerability.

This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of thoracoscopic resection for CLMs in pediatric patients.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if ultrasound-guided microwave ablation is a safe and effective treatment for breast fibroadenoma in adult women. It will also learn about the cosmetic outcome and patient satisfaction after treatment. The main questions it aims to answer are: What medical problems or complications do participants have after microwave ablation? Does the treated breast fibroadenoma decrease in size during follow-up? Does pain improve after treatment? What are the cosmetic outcomes and how satisfied are participants with the treatment? Researchers will evaluate the treated fibroadenoma using clinical examinations and breast ultrasound during 12 months of follow-up. Participants will: Have a clinical examination, breast ultrasound, and core needle biopsy before treatment Receive ultrasound-guided microwave ablation under local anesthesia Have follow-up visits at 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment Have breast ultrasound examinations during follow-up Have their pain, treatment-related complications, cosmetic outcome, and satisfaction assessed during follow-up

This randomized controlled prospective single-blinded comparative clinical study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser therapy versus mechanical dermabrasion, both combined with topical 5-fluorouracil, in the treatment of acquired non-vitiligo leukoderma. The study will evaluate repigmentation, clinical improvement, patient satisfaction, and treatment-related adverse effects.

This randomized controlled trial will evaluate the effectiveness of a criteria-based progressive loading and functional rehabilitation program compared with usual physiotherapy in adults following surgical fixation of traumatic tibial fractures in Gaza. Participants will be randomly allocated to either a structured 6-8-week rehabilitation program, in which progression is guided by predefined clinical and functional criteria while respecting orthopedic weight-bearing restrictions, or to usual physiotherapy. The primary outcome will be lower-limb function measured using the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS). Secondary outcomes will include functional mobility, walking endurance, pain, knee and ankle range of motion, functional ambulation, walking-aid dependence, and adverse events. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and follow-up. The study aims to determine whether a standardized criteria-based rehabilitation approach can improve functional recovery following traumatic tibial fracture fixation.

This study evaluated the effects of a combined physical activity and structured exercise program on disability and mental health in elderly individuals suffering from chronic low back pain. Chronic low back pain is highly prevalent among older adults and is often associated not only with functional limitations and disability but also with psychological issues such as anxiety, depression, and poor sleep quality. Addressing both physical and mental health aspects is essential to improve overall well-being and quality of life in this population. Participants in the study will be randomly assigned to one of three groups. The Exercise + Physical Activity Program Group received a structured exercise regimen specifically designed to improve core strength, flexibility, balance, and overall mobility. In addition to the exercise sessions, participants were provided with a tailored physical activity program aimed at promoting daily movement, reducing sedentary behavior, and enhancing functional capacity in their everyday life. The Exercise-Only Group followed the same structured exercise regimen but did not receive the additional physical activity component, allowing for comparison of the effects of exercise alone versus combined interventions. The Control Group continued with usual care, which included standard advice for managing low back pain but no structured exercise or physical activity intervention, serving as a baseline to evaluate the effectiveness of the other interventions. Outcomes were assessed in terms of disability levels, measured using validated scales, as well as mental health parameters, including symptoms of depression, anxiety, and sleep quality. Post-intervention results indicated that participants in the combined exercise and physical activity group experienced the most significant improvements in functional ability, as reflected by reduced disability scores. This group also showed the largest reductions in symptoms of anxiety and depression and improvements in sleep quality. The exercise-only group demonstrated moderate improvements, highlighting the benefits of structured exercise alone, while the control group showed minimal changes in either physical function or mental health outcomes. Measurements will be taken pre , post (8 weeks of PT interventions) and 8 weeks follow up These findings emphasize the added value of integrating general physical activity into structured exercise programs. Incorporating daily movement and functional activity beyond formal exercise sessions appears to enhance both physical and psychological outcomes in elderly individuals with chronic low back pain. The study underscores the importance of a comprehensive approach in the management of chronic musculoskeletal pain in older adults, combining targeted exercise with strategies to increase overall daily activity levels.

This study will investigate whether myofascial release therapy alone or in combination with therapeutic exercises can improve cervical spine alignment, measured by cervical Cobb angle on X-ray, in patients with cervicogenic headache. The research will also examine potential effects on sleep quality and psychological factors."

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the effect of diabetes mellitus on hair by assessing and comparing clinical and dermoscopic hair changes in diabetic patients versus age and sex-matched healthy controls.

"This clinical trial aims to evaluate the clinical performance and efficiency of zirconium dioxide nano-coated orthodontic archwires compared to conventional archwires. The study focuses on assessing the leveling and alignment duration, as well as evaluating patient comfort and clinical outcomes during the initial stages of orthodontic treatment."

The aim of this prospective clinical study is to evaluate and compare the changes in occlusal force distribution using a quantitative digital occlusal analysis system following piezocision-assisted rapid maxillary expansion (RME) in adolescent versus young adult orthodontic patients. The study hypothesis is that piezocision-assisted RME will result in significant changes in occlusal force distribution and that these outcomes may differ between age groups over a 3-month follow-up period.

This prospective cohort study will evaluate the risk factors associated with bacterial colonization of Double-J ureteral stents and examine its clinical implications. Adult patients undergoing temporary ureteral stent insertion for routine urological indications will be followed until stent removal, when urine and stent cultures will be obtained. The study will assess the association between colonization and factors such as indwelling time, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, prior urinary tract infection, prior antibiotic exposure, and stent-related symptoms.

This randomized trial will compare daily tadalafil 5 mg as adjunct therapy versus monotherapy in men with on-demand PDE5 inhibitor-resistant erectile dysfunction. The study will evaluate changes in erectile function, treatment satisfaction, partner satisfaction, and safety over 12 weeks.

This randomized, parallel-group, non-inferiority trial will compare flexible nephroscopy-assisted single-tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy with conventional multi-tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with complex unilateral renal stones. The primary outcome is stone-free rate at 3 months, and secondary outcomes include operative time, fluoroscopy time, hemoglobin drop, transfusion rate, hospital stay, complications, need for auxiliary procedures, and cost-effectiveness.

The aim of this observational study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an AI algorithm in the histopathological diagnosis of MF compared to certified dermatopathologists.

The goal of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm in the histopathological diagnosis of bcc compared to certified dermatopathologists

The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm in the histopathological diagnosis of Seborrheic keratosis compared to Certified Dermatopathologists.

This web-based comparative cross-sectional survey will assess sexual function, sexual quality of life, psychological status, and marital satisfaction among Egyptian men in monogamous and polygamous marriages. Eligible participants will be married Egyptian men aged 18 years or older who provide electronic informed consent and complete an anonymous Arabic-language questionnaire. The primary outcome will be sexual function measured using the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM/IIEF-5). Secondary outcomes will include Sexual Quality of Life-Male (SQOL-M), Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21), marital satisfaction, and sociodemographic and clinical predictors of impaired sexual function. Data will be analyzed using descriptive, comparative, correlation, and multivariable regression methods.

This randomized controlled trial will evaluate whether restricting bedtime digital-device use improves the response to desmopressin in children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis. Participants will receive desmopressin for 8 weeks and will be assigned to either bedtime device restriction or usual screen habits.

Several studies evaluated the benefit of a short-term external ureteral catheter (UC) compared to double-J (DJ) ureteral stent after flexible ureteroscopy (URS); the results were controversial. These studies had combined analyses of ureteral and renal stones with a high risk of selection bias. Studies comparing external UC and DJ stent after flexible URS for isolated renal stones are lacking. In the present study, the investigators will compare the outcomes of using a one-day external UC versus a DJ internal ureteral stent for ureteral drainage after retrograde flexible URS (retrograde intrarenal surgery "RIRS") for renal stones. The investigators aim to identify the best ureteral drainage method after RIRS regarding stone clearance, complications, and stent-related symptoms.

This prospective cohort study will recruit eligible men attending the Urology/Andrology outpatient clinic. Baseline assessment will include demographic and clinical data, cardiovascular risk assessment, erectile-function questionnaires, routine laboratory investigations, brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation, carotid intima-media thickness, and selected circulating endothelial biomarkers including endothelin-1, nitrite/nitrate, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1. All participants will receive tadalafil 5 mg once daily for 12 weeks. Erectile function, adherence, and adverse events will be assessed during follow-up. The primary outcome will be clinical response at 12 weeks, defined as an improvement of at least 4 points in the IIEF-EF domain together with a positive response to the Global Assessment Question.

This prospective randomized controlled trial will compare retrograde intrarenal surgery performed after routine preoperative ureteral stenting with direct retrograde intrarenal surgery without planned preoperative stenting in adults with unilateral renal calculi measuring 10-20 mm. The study will evaluate stone-free rate, ureteral access, need for rescue stenting, operative outcomes, complications, staged procedures, postoperative recovery, and auxiliary treatment.

This retrospective comparative cohort study will include adult patients who underwent primary RIRS for renal stones ≤20 mm at Al-Azhar University Hospitals between January 2020 and December 2025. Patients will be classified by whether a ureteral access sheath (UAS) was used during the index RIRS, and all eligible patients will be invited for active long-term follow-up (minimum 12 months) to assess the composite outcome of delayed ipsilateral ureteral stricture or new/progressive ipsilateral hydronephrosis and other safety and efficacy outcomes. Propensity-score methods and adjusted regression analyses will be used to control confounding.

Metabolic syndrome is associated with erectile dysfunction through obesity, insulin resistance, abnormal blood lipids, high blood pressure, and impaired blood-vessel function. This study will evaluate whether a structured six-month lifestyle-modification program can improve penile blood flow and erectile function in men with metabolic syndrome-associated erectile dysfunction. Eligible participants will receive dietary counseling, exercise guidance, weight-management advice, smoking-cessation counseling when applicable, sleep and sedentary-behavior advice, and repeated behavioral reinforcement. Erectile function, penile blood-flow measurements obtained by penile duplex Doppler ultrasonography, body measurements, and selected metabolic laboratory parameters will be assessed before the program and after six months.

This study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigating whether adding Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) to standard physiotherapy provides greater benefits for adults with chronic low back pain than physiotherapy alone. A total of 60 participants will be randomly allocated into two groups: ACT plus physiotherapy and physiotherapy alone. Both groups will receive a 8-weeks program with two sessions per week. The ACT component focuses on acceptance, psychological flexibility, mindfulness, cognitive defusion, values, and committed action. The main outcomes are pain catastrophizing, functional disability, perceived stress, and sleep quality, assessed using the PCS, ODI, PSS, and PSQI. The study aims to determine whether combining psychological and physical rehabilitation produces better outcomes than physiotherapy alone.