The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if ultrasound-guided microwave ablation is a safe and effective treatment for breast fibroadenoma in adult women. It will also learn about the cosmetic outcome and patient satisfaction after treatment.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
What medical problems or complications do participants have after microwave ablation? Does the treated breast fibroadenoma decrease in size during follow-up? Does pain improve after treatment? What are the cosmetic outcomes and how satisfied are participants with the treatment? Researchers will evaluate the treated fibroadenoma using clinical examinations and breast ultrasound during 12 months of follow-up.
Participants will:
Have a clinical examination, breast ultrasound, and core needle biopsy before treatment Receive ultrasound-guided microwave ablation under local anesthesia Have follow-up visits at 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment Have breast ultrasound examinations during follow-up Have their pain, treatment-related complications, cosmetic outcome, and satisfaction assessed during follow-up
None
Lesion with direct adherence to or involvement of the skin.
Lesion unsuitable for safe antenna placement.
Patient refusal to participate or inability to complete follow-up.
Single group
Ultrasound-Guided Microwave Ablation
DeviceUltrasound-guided microwave ablation will be performed using a microwave ablation system under real-time ultrasound guidance. The microwave antenna will be positioned within the breast fibroadenoma under ultrasound guidance, and microwave energy will be delivered to the targeted lesion to achieve thermal ablation. The procedure will be performed under local anesthesia. Ablation parameters will be selected according to the characteristics of the lesion and the manufacturer's recommendations.
Procedure-Related Complications
The occurrence and type of procedure-related complications following ultrasound-guided microwave ablation of breast fibroadenoma will be assessed, including immediate and delayed complications such as pain, bleeding, hematoma, skin injury, infection, and other procedure-related adverse events.
Cosmetic Outcome Assessed by the Harvard Breast Cosmesis Scale
Cosmetic outcome of the treated breast will be assessed using the Harvard Breast Cosmesis Scale during follow-up. The assessment will evaluate the overall cosmetic appearance of the treated breast, including breast shape, contour, symmetry, and the presence of visible treatment-related changes or deformity. The cosmetic outcome will be assessed at each scheduled follow-up visit after ultrasound-guided microwave ablation.
Patient Satisfaction After Microwave Ablation
Patient satisfaction with the treatment outcome will be assessed using a structured patient satisfaction questionnaire during follow-up. The assessment will address the patient's overall satisfaction with the treatment, perceived cosmetic outcome, improvement in symptoms, and acceptance of the procedure as a minimally invasive treatment option.
Pain Severity Assessed by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
Pain severity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The VAS is a 10-cm scale ranging from 0, indicating no pain, to 10, indicating the worst pain imaginable. Patients will be asked to indicate the intensity of pain experienced before the procedure and during follow-up after ultrasound-guided microwave ablation. Changes in VAS scores over the follow-up period will be assessed to evaluate improvement in pain and local symptoms.
Residual Lesion or Lesion Regrowth
Ultrasound will be used to evaluate post-ablation changes, assess the treated fibroadenoma, detect any residual viable tissue, and identify lesion regrowth during follow-up.
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