this study will be conducted to Investigate the relationship between primary dysmenorrhea and biomechanical characteristics of lumbo-pelvic region among female university students
Female university students aged 18-24 years
Body Mass Index (BMI) between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m²
Regular menstrual cycle (28-35 days) for at least the past six months
Willingness to avoid analgesics 72 hours prior to testing
History of pelvic or gynecological disorders
Previous spinal, abdominal, or lower limb surgery
Neurological disorders
Structural spinal deformities (e.g., moderate to severe scoliosis)