Symptom Severity, Posture, Pain, and Physical Activity in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GERD-Q)

The GERD-Q is a six-item Likert-type questionnaire that assesses the frequency of GERD-related symptoms over the past week. The first four items evaluate symptom frequency and are used for the diagnosis of the disease and monitoring treatment response. The remaining two items assess the impact of the disease on daily life, including over-the-counter medication use and sleep disturbance. Each item is scored on a four-point scale ranging from 0 to 3 according to symptom frequency. In items 1, 2, 5, and 6, scores increase from 0 to 3 with increasing symptom frequency, whereas in items 3 and 4, scoring is reversed.

PROMIS GERD Scale

The PROMIS GERD scale consists of 13 items. Each item is scored on a scale ranging from 0 to 4 points, and the total score is obtained by summing all item scores. According to the original scoring system, a score of 0 indicates no symptoms, scores of 1-3 indicate minimal symptoms, scores of 4-7 indicate mild symptoms, scores of 8-15 indicate moderate symptoms, and scores of 16 and above indicate severe symptoms.

Postural Analysis

Posture Screen Lite is a posture analysis, body composition, and movement assessment software designed for use on iOS and Android devices with built-in camera systems. In this study, posture will be assessed using the iPad-based Posture Screen Lite application. Participants will be assessed wearing appropriate clothing that leaves the upper trunk and lower legs exposed. Photographs will be taken from anterior, posterior, and right and left lateral views using a smartphone, without placing reference markers on the participant beforehand. The captured images will then be analyzed using the Posture Screen Lite software by identifying anatomical reference points on the photographs.

Visual Analog Scale (VAS)

The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) will be used to assess pain intensity. VAS has been shown to be a valid and reliable method that is sensitive to small changes in clinical pain and treatment-related pain intensity. Participants will be asked to indicate their pain level on a 10-cm horizontal line, ranging from "0" (no pain) to "10" (worst imaginable pain). In addition, participants will mark the location(s) of their pain on a body diagram to determine pain distribution and localization.