This study is designed to evaluate whether Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) can improve recovery for patients undergoing laparoscopic gallbladder removal surgery (laparoscopic cholecystectomy). TENS is a non-invasive method that uses mild electrical currents applied through the skin to stimulate nerves.
The main goals of the study are to determine if TENS can:
Reduce surgical anxiety before and during the procedure
Decrease postoperative pain after surgery
Improve overall patient satisfaction with their surgical experience
Patients who participate will receive standard surgical care, and some will also receive TENS therapy. Outcomes will be measured using patient questionnaires and clinical assessments during the hospital stay and follow-up period.
By comparing patients who receive TENS with those who do not, the study aims to provide evidence on whether this simple technique can enhance comfort and recovery after gallbladder surgery.
Adults aged 18-65 years scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Patients with ASA III or higher physical status
Parallel
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)
DeviceTranscutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is a non-invasive device-based intervention that delivers mild electrical currents through electrodes placed on intact skin. In this study, TENS will be applied perioperatively to patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The stimulation sessions will be conducted before and after surgery, following standardized clinical parameters to ensure safety and reproducibility. The intervention is designed to evaluate its effects on surgical anxiety, postoperative pain intensity, and patient satisfaction compared with standard care.
Postoperative Pain Intensity (VAS)
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), a validated 10 cm scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). Patients will be asked to mark their pain level at specified postoperative intervals. The primary analysis will compare mean pain scores between the TENS group and the control group to determine whether TENS reduces postoperative pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Postoperative Pain Intensity
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), a validated 10 cm scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). Patients will be asked to mark their pain level at specified postoperative intervals. The primary analysis will compare mean pain scores between the TENS group and the control group to determine whether TENS reduces postoperative pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
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