The goal of this clinical trial is to learn the effect of ear electroacupuncture BFA therapy in reducing pain, analgesic dose, and improving patient quality of live post percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are:
* Does BFA ear electroacupuncture reduce postoperative pain of percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgery better than sham electroacupuncture group? * Does BFA ear electroacupuncture reduce postoperative analgesic dose of percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgery better than sham electroacupuncture group? * Does BFA ear electroacupuncture improve postoperative quality of life of percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgery better than sham electroacupuncture group?
Researchers will compare ear electroacupuncture BFA to sham electroacupuncture to see the different analgesia effect between these groups.
Participants will:
* Get ear electroacupuncture BFA or sham electroacupuncture therapy, 2 hours before surgery for 30 minutes * Take drug paracetamol 1000 mg intravenous after surgery according to the needs of the patient's pain complaints after surgery in both groups
Men or women aged 18-65 years
Patients who have been diagnosed with kidney stones measuring > 2 cm and will undergo PCNL surgery
VAS score <7, assessed 2 hours before PCNL surgery
Receive standard analgesic therapy
Kidney anatomical abnormalities
Ear deformities (microtia)
Patients with cognitive impairment, uncooperative (receiving antidepressants or strong opioid or narcotic analgesics)
Tumors, wounds or skin infections in the needling area.
Factorial
The Ear Electroacupuncture of Battlefield Acupuncture (BFA) and paracetamol intravenous therapy
DeviceElectroacupuncture therapy was performed 2 hours before PCNL surgery. Needle insertion was performed perpendicularly at the Battlefield Acupuncture (BFA) points of the ear, namely MA-IT1 Cingulate gyrus, MA-AT2 Thalamus, MA-H2 Omega2, MA-H1 Point Zero and MA-TF1 Shenmen bilaterally. Then the electrostimulator cable was connected to the ear acupuncture points MA-AT2 and MA-TF1 bilaterally on the same side and then fixed with plaster. Electroacupuncture uses continuous waves of 2 Hz frequency with an intensity that can be tolerated by the patient for 30 minutes. Patients also received standard therapy with 1000 mg intravenous paracetamol with a maximum of 3 times administration per 24 hours and can be reduced according to the needs of the patient's pain complaints.
The sham electroacupuncture and paracetamol intravenous therapy
DeviceSham electroacupuncture therapy was performed 2 hours before PCNL surgery. Needle only attached using plester (not inserted) at the Battlefield Acupuncture (BFA) points of the ear, namely MA-IT1 Cingulate gyrus, MA-AT2 Thalamus, MA-H2 Omega2, MA-H1 Point Zero and MA-TF1 Shenmen bilaterally. Then the electrostimulator cable was connected to the ear acupuncture points MA-AT2 and MA-TF1 bilaterally on the same side and then fixed with plaster. Electroacupuncture device is not turned on. The therapy is carried out for 30 minutes. Patients also received standard therapy with 1000 mg intravenous paracetamol with a maximum of 3 times administration per 24 hours and can be reduced according to the needs of the patient's pain complaints.
Visual Analogue Scale
Visual Analogue Scale is the tool that measures pain intensity. It use a scale with a minimum range of 0 and a maximum of 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the worst pain. Higher scores indicate worse pain.
Analgesic dose reduction
Paracetamol 1000 mg IV is given to patient with a maximum of 3 times administration per 24 hours. The dose of paracetamol can be reduced when the patien's pain score of Visual Analogue Score is less than 3. Measurements were made by measuring the cumulative dose of analgesics after acupuncture therapy. Then compared between the two groups, which group had a greater decrease in analgesic dose.
Short Form 36 (SF-36) Questionnaire
The SF-36 questionnaire consists of eight scales yielding two summary measures: physical and mental health. The physical health measure includes four scales of physical functioning (10 items), role-physical (4 items), bodily pain (2 items), and general health (5 items). The mental health measure is composed of vitality (4 items), social functioning (2 items), role-emotional (3 items), and mental health (5 items). To score the SF-36, scales are standardized with a scoring algorithm to obtain a score ranging from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate better health status.
Adverse effects
Record the adverse effects that occur after acupuncture therapy. It will be monitored for 7 days after therapy and recorded on the 7th day by assessor.
Click on the lead sponsor to view all of their trials.
This trial is not recruiting at the moment. You can still explore other options:
