There is a need for studies investigating the effects of abdominal massage and warm water consumption on the development of postoperative constipation and quality of recovery in patients who have undergone hip fracture surgery. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of abdominal massage and warm water consumption on the development of postoperative constipation quality of recovery in patients who have undergone hip fracture surgery. The study will be conducted as a prospective, parallel, three-group (1:1:1) randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of abdominal massage alone versus standard care in preventing the development of postoperative constipation in patients who underwent surgery for hip fracture. The following instruments will be used to collect study data: "Patient Demographic Information Form", "Constipation Risk Assessment Scale" for determining the constipation risk group and for randomization, "Bristol Stool Scale" for determining the type of constipation, "Constipation Assessment Scale" for determining the severity of constipation, and "Quality of Recovery-40 Questionnaire". For data analysis, parametric (Independent Samples T-Test, ANOVA) or non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H) will be used for pairwise and multiple group comparisons, depending on the distribution of the data. The Chi-Square test will be used for categorical data, and logistic regression analysis will be performed to determine the effect of continuous variables obtained from constipation development status and patient follow-up on the development or absence of constipation.
Being 18 years of age or older
Agreeing to participate in the study
Undergoing open surgical treatment due to a hip fracture classified as 31A, 31B, or 31C according to the AO/OTA classification
Initiation of postoperative oral feeding
Communication problems (speech and hearing impairments)
Neurological and psychiatric problems such as Alzheimer's or dementia
Problems preventing abdominal massage (surgery, wound site)
Regular laxative use before surgery
Parallel
ABDOMINAL MASSAGE AND WARM WATER CONSUMPTION
BehavioralThe effect of abdominal massage and warm water consumptione on postoperative constipation.
abdominal massage
Other interventionabdominal massage on postoperative constipation.
Control (Standard treatment)
Other interventionstandart protocol on the development of postoperative constipation
constipation risk assessment
The following instruments will be used to collect study data: "Constipation Risk Assessment Scale" for determining the constipation risk group and for randomization. The overall score is categorized into three constipation risk groups: 1 through 10 refers to "low risk"; a score between 11 and 15 refers to "moderate risk"; and 16 and over indicates "high risk". Higher scores indicating more severe constipation risk factors.
Occurrence of postoperative constipation
Postoperative constipation development will assessed based on the absence of bowel movement for ≥3 consecutive postoperative days. Higher frequency indicates greater occurrence of postoperative constipation. Participants meeting criteria (Yes/No)
Postoperative Constipation Severity
Postoperative constipation severity will assessed using the Constipation Severity Scale, which ranges from 0 to 16, with higher scores indicating more severe constipation.
classify faeces
Postoperative stool type will be assessed using the Bristol Stool Scale, which ranges from 1 to 7. Type 1-2 indicate constipation, type 3-4 are ideal stools as they are easier to pass, and type 5-7 may indicate diarrhoea and urgency. A low score indicates constipation. The assessment will performed at each defecation during the postoperative period
quality of recovery
Quality of life was assessed using the Quality of Recovery-40 Questionnaire, which ranges from 40-200, with higher scores indicating better recovery of life.
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