The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether a short bout of high-intensity trampoline jumping induces urinary leakage or measurable changes in pelvic floor morphology in active females aged 18-40 who do not report symptoms of urinary incontinence. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Hypothesis 1: Does a single 10-minute trampoline protocol result in acute changes in pelvic floor structure, including bladder neck position, levator plate length, and/or posterior urethrovesical angle (PUVA)?
Hypothesis 2: Do participants report any urinary leakage during the jumping protocol, despite being asymptomatic at baseline?
Hypothesis 3: Do pelvic morphology changes recover within 30 minutes post-jumping, or do alterations persist?
Researchers will perform within-subject comparisons at multiple time points (pre-jump, immediately post-jump, and 30 minutes post-jump) using transperineal ultrasound imaging to assess structural changes.
Participants will:
* Attend one laboratory visit * Complete baseline pelvic health questionnaires (ICIQ-UI Short Form and PFD Sentinel). * Undergo 2D transperineal ultrasound imaging in the standing position at rest, immediately post-jumping, and 30 minutes post-jumping. * Perform a 10-minute high-intensity jumping protocol on a mini-trampoline, while heart rate and perceived exertion are monitored. * Verbally report any urine leakage during jumping using standardized descriptors.
Aged 18-40
Engage in regular physical activity or sport
Do not experience frequent urinary leakage (no more than once per month during exercise, coughing, or sneezing)
Can complete a 10-minute jumping protocol
Currently pregnant or have been pregnant in the past 6 months
Have cardiac, pulmonary, metabolic, and/or neurological conditions
Have a lower body injury that limits your ability to jump
Have had a hysterectomy and/or incontinence surgery
Participants will be recruited from the Ottawa region through local gyms, university facilities, and social media platforms. The study population includes recreationally active females aged 18-40 who engage in activities such as running or brisk walking and are willing to attend a single in-person session at the University of Ottawa's Motor Function Measurement Laboratory.
Other
Cross-sectional
Water
Other interventionParticipants will undergo a standardized 10-minute high-intensity trampoline jumping protocol designed to elicit mechanical loading on the pelvic floor. Prior to the jumping session, bladder volume will be assessed via transabdominal ultrasound. If a participant's bladder contains less than 100 mL of urine, they will be asked to drink water and wait until a target range of 100-200 mL is reached to ensure consistent pre-jump bladder filling across participants. This approach minimizes variability in bladder volume, which could influence pelvic floor measurements.
Assessing whether a short-duration trampoline protocol induces urinary leakage in active females.
Urinary leakage is assessed via self-report during a 10-minute high-intensity trampoline jumping protocol. Every 2 minutes, participants are verbally prompted to report whether they experienced leakage, and to classify it using standardized descriptors ("drops," "squirt," or "gush"). Leakage severity is indexed based on the timing of first report, frequency of episodes, and qualitative volume descriptors. Descriptive statistics will be used to report the proportion of participants who leak, frequency of leakage, and severity profiles.
Assessing whether a short-duration trampoline protocol induces acute changes in bladder neck morphology in active females.
Bladder neck morphology is measured at three time points (pre-jumping, immediately post-jumping, and 30 minutes post) using 2D transperineal ultrasound imaging. Repeated-measures ANOVA will be used to determine significant changes in bladder neck morphology across time points. Cohen's d effect sizes will be calculated to assess the magnitude of observed changes.
Assessing whether a short-duration trampoline protocol induces acute changes in levator plate length in active females.
Levator plate length is measured at three time points (pre-jumping, immediately post-jumping, and 30 minutes post) using 2D transperineal ultrasound imaging. Repeated-measures ANOVA will be used to determine significant changes in levator plate length across time points. Cohen's d effect sizes will be calculated to assess the magnitude of observed changes.
Assessing whether a short-duration trampoline protocol induces acute changes in the posterior urethrovesicle angle (PUVA) in active females.
The posterior urethrovesicle angle (PUVA) is measured at three time points (pre-jumping, immediately post-jumping, and 30 minutes post) using 2D transperineal ultrasound imaging. Repeated-measures ANOVA will be used to determine significant changes in the PUVA across time points. Cohen's d effect sizes will be calculated to assess the magnitude of observed changes.
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