The main objective is to update the diagnostic assessment of frailty by correlating several variables with the ultrasound image of the frail elderly patient.
Secondarily, the investigators intend to collect and analyze data on functional capacity and quality of life variables on the evolution of musculoskeletal symptoms, as well as on pain and psychological variables. Similarly, it is intended to make a record of different profiles and subtypes of frail older adult patients to be stored in Machine Learning in order to establish therapeutic intervention plans that allow both the evaluation and treatment of patients.
None
Acute myocardial infarction in the last 3 months and/or unstable angina pectoris
Uncontrolled arrhythmia, recent thromboembolism and terminal illness.
Patients undergoing MMII unloading or MMSS/MMII fractures in the last three months.
Patients with a functional gait index of 1 (Inability to walk)
The present cohort study will be conducted in older adults diagnosed with frailty. A multicenter study will be conducted among the Residencia de Nuestra Señora de la Soledad y del Carmen (Colmenar Viejo, Madrid), Residencia San Camilo (Tres Cantos, Madrid), Centro de Día San Camilo (Tres Cantos, Madrid), Residencia San Luis de Gonzaga (Carretera de Colmenar Viejo), Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos (Móstoles, Madrid) and Hospital Puerta de Hierro (Majadahonda, Madrid) from their diagnosis
Cohort
Prospective
Instrumental and Functional Tests that Assess Functional Capacity
Diagnostic testThe correlation between all functional, ultrasound, nutritional, and psychological variables will be analyzed. Through GLIM diagnosis, anthropometric data (weight, height, BMI) as well as analytical data including inflammation information (CRP and albumin) will be used to reach a diagnosis that allows comparison/correlation with the rest of the variable parameters.
Manual Grip Strength
The grip strength in both hands will be measured by measuring the maximum grip strength. A bulb dynamometer will be used for this measurement.
Quality of Life (EQ-5D-5L)
It will be evaluated by means of the the EuroQol 5-dimensions 5-levels (EQ-5D-5L), which is a generic instrument for measuring health-related quality of life. The patient himself assesses his state of health, in levels of severity by dimensions The first allows the respondent to define the state of health according to the EQ-5D multi-attribute classification system, composed of 5 dimensions (mobility, self-care, activities of daily living, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression), and in each of them there are 3 levels of severity (1, 2 or 3).
Basic Activities in Daily Life
The Barthel Index evaluated one's ability to care for him/herself through ten activitiesof daily living like feeding, bathing, grooming, dressing, bowel and bladder control,toileting, chair transfer, ambulation, and stair climbing; the maximum score is 100 pointsand the higher the score, the greater the functional independence of the patient. Thefollowing baseline data regarding age, sex, and admission diagnosis were also collected .
Balance
The Trunk Control Test (TCT) evaluated four aspects of trunk movement, swinging to both sides, sitting balance, and rising from the floor; individual items are scored from 0 (incapable) to 12 (ability to perform the movement but with an unusual style) and 25 (ability to perform the movement correctly).
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