About this trial
This study aims to use functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to identify and quantify pain biomarkers during burn dressing changes and pain relief induced by virtual reality (VR).
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
Being treated for acute burn injury
Age 6-17 years, inclusive
Admitted to NCH burn unit for treatment
Have a dressing that requires daily changes over 3 days
Disqualifiers
Any wounds that may interfere with study procedures
Vision, hearing, or cognitive/motor impairments preventing valid administration of study measures
History of motion sickness, seizure disorder, dizziness, or migraine headaches precipitated by visual auras
Minors in foster care, prisoners, or currently pregnant
Trial design
Crossover
Treatments tested in this trial
VR-PAT
Other interventionVirtual Reality Pain Alleviation Therapy (VR-PAT) played on a Pico Neo 3 Pro Eye device
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Change in brain activity
Mean change of hemoglobin oxygen (HBO2) concentration between VR and Control as detected by fNIRS.
Secondary outcomes
Procedural pain during burn dressing changes
0-10 Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) (self-reported and caregiver-reported), 0(min)-10(max), with higher score indicating worse pain. Asked for worst pain, average pain, and time spent thinking about pain. Collected in both VR and Control group.
Change in procedural anxiety
Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS) (observed by researcher), 23.33(min)-100(max), with higher scores denoting higher levels of anxiety.
Self-reported VR experience
0-10 Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) (self-reported - VR-PAT arm only), 0(min)-10(max), with higher score meaning better outcome. Asked for degree of realism, pleasure, and satisfaction with VR.
Sponsors and contacts
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