The aim of this clinical trial is to learn how whole-body vibration training and aerobic exercise training affect menstrual pain, symptom severity, and quality of life in young adult women with primary dysmenorrhea. Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that occurs without an underlying medical condition. It can interfere with daily activities and quality of life. Exercise may help manage menstrual pain, but more information is needed about the effects of different exercise approaches.
This study will examine the effects of whole-body vibration training and aerobic exercise training in young adult women with primary dysmenorrhea. Researchers will assess menstrual pain, the severity of menstrual symptoms, and quality of life. The findings may help inform exercise-based approaches to managing primary dysmenorrhea.
Aged 18-28 years.
A female student enrolled in the Physiotherapy Program at the Vocational School of Health Services, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University.
Reports cramping pain in the lower abdomen during menstruation in at least four menstrual cycles within the past six months.
Reports menstrual pain that begins a few hours before or shortly after the onset of menstrual bleeding.
A history of a gynecological condition that may cause secondary dysmenorrhea, such as endometriosis, adenomyosis, or pelvic inflammatory disease.
Regular use of hormonal medications, oral contraceptives, or analgesics within the past three months.
A history of a systemic or chronic disease, such as cardiovascular disease, thyroid disease, diabetes, or a neurological, endocrine, or rheumatological condition.
Smoking or alcohol use.
Parallel
Whole-Body Vibration Training
Other interventionParticipants in this group will receive whole-body vibration training three days per week for eight weeks, for a total of 24 sessions. The vibration frequency will be set at 14 Hz and the amplitude at 8 mm. Each session will last approximately 45 minutes.
Aerobic Exercise Training
Other interventionParticipants in this group will receive aerobic exercise training three days per week for eight weeks. Each 45-minute session will consist of a 10-minute warm-up, 30 minutes of aerobic exercise, and 5 minutes of cool-down and stretching exercises.
Visual Analog Scale
Pain intensity will be assessed using a 10-cm Visual Analog Scale. Participants will mark the point on the line that best represents the intensity of their menstrual pain. The left endpoint represents "no pain," and the right endpoint represents "the worst pain imaginable." The distance from the left endpoint to the mark will be measured in centimeters, yielding a score from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate more severe pain.
Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire
The Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire will be used to assess menstrual pain and symptom severity. It is a 24-item scale with five response options for each item. Participants will rate how often they experience each menstruation-related symptom, from 1 ("never") to 5 ("always"). The score is calculated as the mean of the 24 item scores and ranges from 1 to 5. Higher mean scores indicate more severe menstrual symptoms.
12-Item Short-Form Health Survey
The 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) will be used to assess health-related quality of life. The Mental Component Summary score will be calculated according to the scoring method specified in the study protocol. The SF-12 contains 12 questions covering eight domains: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health, role limitations due to emotional problems, bodily pain, social functioning, mental health, vitality, and general health. Each domain score ranges from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate better mental health.
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