Aspirin

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease characterized by progressive stenosis or occlusion at the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery, with formation of an abnormal vascular network at the base of the brain. Moyamoya syndrome (MMS) has the same cerebrovascular imaging and clinical manifestations as moyamoya disease, but it is accompanied by other systemic comorbidities. Moyamoya disease and moyamoya syndrome are collectively referred to as moyamoya-like cerebrovascular disease. They are highly prevalent in East Asia, and China has a large patient population. In 2018, the incidence was 1.6 per 100,000 person-years, and the disease is a major cause of stroke in children, adolescents, and young adults \[1\]. This group of diseases often causes severe complications such as stroke and cognitive impairment, leading to poor prognosis and reduced ability to live independently \[2\]. Among patients who do not receive effective treatment, the risk of severe neurological deficit or death is as high as 75%, and approximately 60% of patients with moyamoya disease develop cognitive impairment \[3\]. Therefore, moyamoya disease (moyamoya syndrome) is a major health problem that seriously affects the health of the Chinese population. At present, several urgent problems remain in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of moyamoya disease (moyamoya syndrome). First, the epidemiological characteristics and disease susceptibility of this condition in the Chinese population are not yet fully clear. Second, reliable clinical assessment tools and standardized risk prediction models for moyamoya disease are lacking, and there is still no clear basis for identifying which patients need timely intervention. Third, a systematic precision treatment pathway for moyamoya disease has not yet been established, and high-quality evidence is still lacking regarding the role of pharmacological and physical therapy in delaying disease progression. Therefore, systematic research to clarify the efficacy of different treatment approaches in moyamoya disease is of great significance for promoting the establishment of an integrated diagnostic and therapeutic system for this disease. \[Add a paragraph introducing ischemic conditioning and its role in stroke and MMD.\] Systematic treatment is an important means to improve the prognosis of moyamoya disease. Current major treatment options include revascularization surgery and pharmacological therapy. Previous studies have shown that revascularization surgery can improve cerebral blood flow and reduce the risk of stroke; however, for asymptomatic or early-stage patients, surgery is not the only option \[4\]. In terms of pharmacological therapy, nonsurgical treatments such as antiplatelet therapy and intensive lipid-lowering therapy may delay disease progression, but high-quality clinical evidence remains lacking. In addition, emerging physical therapies such as ischemic conditioning have been shown to improve the tolerance of brain tissue to ischemia and have demonstrated potential therapeutic value in patients with stroke \[5\]. However, the safety and efficacy of these treatment approaches in patients with moyamoya disease require further study and validation. Therefore, this study proposes to conduct a multicenter, prospective randomized controlled clinical trial to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of aspirin therapy and ischemic conditioning therapy in delaying the progression of moyamoya disease, and to provide evidence-based support for nonsurgical treatment strategies for patients with moyamoya disease. \[The following content was moved from the study rationale section and should be integrated with the research background.\] Even when patients with moyamoya disease (moyamoya syndrome) have not yet developed definite symptoms of cerebral infarction, their cerebral hemodynamics may already be in a compensated or critical state. They are often prone to nonspecific symptoms such as headache and dizziness, subjective cognitive decline, and TIA attacks, and they have a potential risk of progression to symptomatic stroke. Microembolus formation and vascular endothelial dysfunction may further reduce flow reserve and aggravate hypoperfusion, thereby leading to adverse events. For such mildly affected patients, early intervention has important clinical value for delaying disease progression and preventing cerebrovascular events. Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 and blocks thromboxane A2 production, thereby inhibiting platelet aggregation. In the pathological process of moyamoya disease (moyamoya syndrome), microcirculatory changes and vascular intimal injury may activate platelets and promote microthrombus formation, which may aggravate ischemia-induced stroke. Therefore, aspirin may reduce the risk of ischemic events by inhibiting platelet aggregation. Ischemic conditioning is a noninvasive physical therapy that activates systemic endogenous protect

The goal of the PARTUM trial is to determine if taking low-dose aspirin daily for 6 weeks after delivery is similar (non-inferior) to usual care low-molecular-weight heparin injections to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE: blood clots in the legs or lungs) for postpartum individuals with VTE risk factors.

A randomized clinical trial to assess the efficiency of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) 150 mg/day started before 20 weeks of gestation in the prevention on maternal and fœtal complications in pregnant women with chronic hypertension.

This multi-center, prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study aims to investigate whether withdrawal of aspirin from the antithrombotic regimen in patients supported with the CH-VAD pump is non-inferior to the standard antithrombotic regimen of vitamin K antagonist combined with aspirin in terms of safety and efficacy.

This international, multicenter, open-label, randomized clinical trial evaluates the safety and efficacy of single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) compared to dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in elderly or high bleeding risk patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with the latest generation drug-coated balloon (DCB). The study includes patients with stable or unstable coronary syndromes and aims to assess rates of ischemic and bleeding adverse events.

This phase 2 study will include patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus and will first study their response to enteric coated aspirin at a dose of 80 mg per day for a 7-day period. Participants with an incomplete platelet inhibition after exposure to EC aspirin at doses of 80 mg once daily will be randomized to a random order of 3 different ASA regimens: EC ASA 162 mg once daily, EC ASA 81 mg twice daily and chewable ASA 40 mg twice daily. The aims are to determine the feasibility of a larger scale trial, and to determine the regimen associated with the lowest proportion of non-responders after randomization. Platelet function will be assessed at baseline and at day 7 of each arms of the study.

The goal of this clinical trial is to verify that Non-Antithrombotic Therapy (NAPT) followed by Oral Anticoagulants (OAC) monotherapy for 45 days after Left Atrial Appendage Closure (LAAC) is non-inferior to Single Antiplatelet Therapy (SAPT) with aspirin during the period from randomization to the end of observational period (4 years at the maximum) in non-valvular atrial fibrillation subjects with high bleeding risk. The primary endpoint is a composite endpoint consisting of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, systemic embolism, major bleeding, or clinically relevant non-fatal bleeding from randomization to the end of study observation (up to a maximum follow-up of 4 years). * Participants will be enrolled in this study until the day following the implementation of LAAC and will be randomized to the SAPT arm and NAPT arm in a 1:1 ratio. * Participants will be observed for 4 years from the time the first subject is enrolled in this study. * Participants will visit the hospital at 45 days, 1 year, and 2 years after enrollment, and will also be followed up by telephone, basically at the end of the observation period (up to a maximum follow-up of 4 years). \<Study treatment duration\> In both arms, OAC monotherapy will be initiated in the first 24 hours of enrollment and continued for 45 days (allowed window period: plus 2 weeks).. * SAPT arm will continue to receive 45 days of OAC monotherapy followed by low-dose aspirin (75～100 mg/day) as an antithrombotic agent required through the end of the study observation period. * NAPT arm do not receive antithrombotic medication after 45 days of OAC monotherapy through the end of the study observation period.

The goal of this observational study is to learn about the effects of low dose aspirin in immunity Pregnant women taking aspirin for other reasons (preeclampsia prevention) will be studied. The main question it aims to answer is: evaluate the effect of LDA on the modulation of innate immunity cells (NK cells, monocytes, γδ T cells) and/or acquired immunity (B and T lymphocytes, Treg cells, Th cells). Participants already taking intervention A as part of their regular medical care for RA will answer online survey questions about their joint pain for 5 years.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of low-dose (100 mg) asprin on the prevention of gastric cancer in the early gastric cancer patients with negative H. pylori status who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Aspirin group: Aspirin 100mg will be started within 24 hours after randomization, and continued aspirin 100mg/day the end of the study period. Non-antithrombotic group: No antithrombotic agents will be administered after randomization until the end of the study period.

Recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) was defined as two or more occurrences of acute pancreatitis, which was associated with higher percentages of morbidities and mortalities, lower patients' life quality and increased health-care costs. Current interventions, including cholecystectomy and abstain from drinking were reported to be effective methods for preventing the recurrences of biliary and alcoholic etiologies, respectively. However, there were no effective preventions for other etiologies, such as idiopathic etiologies. Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including indomethacin, diclofenac and aspirin could inhibiting the inflammatory cascade of pancreatitis. In this study, we aimed at exploring the effects of 100mg aspirin on reducing the occurrences of recurrent acute pancreatitis.