Cerebrospinal Fluid

A global analysis of craniospinal hemodynamics and hydrodynamics is necessary to better understand the pathophysiology of Chiari malformations. This includes an analysis of intraventricular CSF flow, intracranial subarachnoid spaces, foramen magnum, cervical subarachnoid spaces and within the syringomyelia cavity when present. The investigators will also analyze the pulsatility of the cerebellar tonsils in the foramen magnum. Hemodynamic analysis will be performed at the high cervical level (internal carotid and vertebral arteries, jugular veins) and intracranially (carotid and basilar arteries, right sinus and superior longitudinal sinus). This analysis will be made possible by PCMRI acquisitions with slice planes allowing the analysis of the dynamics of the CSF (mesencephalic aqueduct, prepontic cisterns, foramen magnum, at the level of the C2C3 disc, syringomyelia if present), cerebellar tonsils (foramen magnum). The cross-sectional planes for hemodynamic analysis will be at the level of the C2C3 disc (cervical vascular analysis) and upstream of the polygon of Willis (intracranial vascular analysis). The goal is to complement the clinical and morphological investigations with quantitative imaging of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood flow in the craniospinal system. These flows are potentially altered or causes of this Chiari anomaly. The investigators propose a translational research project of clinical research allowing the analysis of a diagnostic technique by a diagnostic, monocentric, prospective study. After neurosurgical consultation, patients with Chiari malformation will be assigned to a symptomatic Chiari malformation or a non-symptomatic Chiari malformation group. They will be offered to participate in this study after information and informed consent. The allocation between the two groups will be made according to the symptomatic or non-symptomatic nature of the Chiari malformation. After inclusion, the patients will have a morphological MRI and a PCMRI according to the determined slice plans and allowing a global analysis of the craniospinal hemohydrodynamics. Craniospinal hemohydrodynamics in a control population will also be analyzed using the same methodology by PCMRI.

The goal of this study is to uncover the molecular mechanisms responsible for secondary brain injury in patients with post-cardiac arrest syndrome by analyzing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using multi-omics techniques. The main question this study aims to answer is: Which genome-, transcriptome-, proteome-, and metabolome-level changes in CSF are associated with secondary brain injury after cardiac arrest? To address this question, CSF samples collected from post-cardiac arrest patients will undergo multi-omics analyses. Identified molecular pathways will be used to screen existing drug databases and generate new therapeutic candidates through computational modeling and compound synthesis. These findings will provide the scientific foundation needed to design and implement future preclinical experiments using cardiac arrest animal models.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (HTICi) is a pathology, affecting young adults with a predominance of women, due to an increase in intracranial pressure, which may be associated with stenosis of the cerebral venous sinuses and whose origin remains unknown. This hypertension can lead to papillary edema (OP) which can lead to a narrowing of the visual field and progress to blindness. Along with weight reduction, acetazolamide, which reduces the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), is prescribed as a first-line treatment. Its efficacy is inconsistent in resolving papillary edema and there are many side effects. In the event of ineffectiveness or dependence on acetazolamide associated with hygiene and dietetic rules, a second line of therapy is then considered: neurosurgical (internal shunt of the LCS) or endovascular (venous stenting) treatment. These invasive techniques have each proven their effectiveness in the rapid and permanent resorption of OP, allowing improvement or preservation of visual function. In terms of induced morbidity, the superiority of one technique over the other, if it exists, has not been established. Our objective is to compare the efficacy, safety, and safety of LCS bypass surgery versus venous sinus stenting in HTICi with moderate to severe visual impairment after failure of medical treatment defined by the absence of resorption of the OP after several months

The aim of the current study is to evaluate the difference between proximal and distal CSF sampling. If the characteristics of distally and proximally sampled CSF are similar or correlate well, it may be possible to only sample CSF distally in the future, thereby avoiding the risks mentioned above.