Developmental Dysplasia of Hip

The goal of this trial is to pilot a portable ultrasound device that uses artificial intelligence to screen for hip dysplasia. Researchers will gather data to understand the feasibility of performing a larger trial in birthing hospitals. It will also seek to collect initial data on how well the scan compares to the standard hip screening performed soon after birth. Participants will: * Have the portable ultrasound performed on their baby before they are discharged from hospital * Have a diagnostic ultrasound performed on their baby at 6-weeks of age * Complete a short questionnaire about the experience of having the measurement performed on their baby

Developmental dysplasia of the hip is the most common bone and joint condition in babies. It is usually treated with a harness that holds the hips in a safe position so they can develop normally. After the hip is confirmed to be in the correct position, babies are commonly kept in the harness for up to 12 weeks or more. While effective, wearing a harness for this length of time can be challenging for families. It can make everyday care such as feeding, bathing and dressing more difficult, and add stress during an important time for bonding. This trial compares two treatment options: 8 versus 12 weeks of harness wear. The 8-week option is being tested because research has shown that most hips appear normal on ultrasound by this point. The main measure of success is whether the hip looks normal on x-ray two years after treatment. Families will also be asked about their experience and treatment-related problems. If the shorter option is as effective as the longer option, many babies could spend less time in brace, reducing burden without compromising outcomes. Because this trial is embedded in routine care, results can be put into practice quickly and guide care for babies across Ontario and beyond.

This study looks at how well a hip replacement using the collarless Actis stem works over five years. Total hip replacement is a common operation for people whose hip joint has been damaged by arthritis, by loss of blood supply to the hip bone, or by a broken hip. During the operation, the damaged parts of the hip are replaced with artificial parts. The Actis stem is the part that is fitted into the thigh bone. It is designed to bond directly with the bone, without the use of bone cement. The Actis stem is already used in many countries, and early results have been good. However, almost all of those results come from Western patients, and most studies used a version of the stem that has a small collar. Very little is known about how the collarless version performs in Asian patients, who tend to be younger at the time of surgery and more often have the operation because of loss of blood supply to the hip bone. People aged 18 years or older who are already scheduled for a hip replacement at this hospital may take part. Everyone who takes part has the same operation, with the same set of artificial parts. No extra tests are done for research purposes. After surgery, participants return to the clinic at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 12 months, and then once a year until 5 years have passed. These are the same visits that patients would have anyway. At each visit, the study team checks for any problems with the new hip, takes routine X-rays, and asks participants to fill in questionnaires about their hip pain, their daily activities, and their overall health. The main question the study asks is how many participants have a problem with the new hip within five years, such as the hip coming out of place, an infection, a break in the bone around the implant, or the implant becoming loose.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if an ultrasound scan using artificial intelligence can accurately screen for hip dysplasia. Researchers will compare the artificial intelligence ultrasound results to the standard ultrasound measures to see if the artificial intelligence ultrasound scan can accurately screen for hip dysplasia. It will also seek to understand how parents feel about their children undergoing this scan. Participants will: * Have an additional ultrasound performed on their child at their scheduled outpatient's appointment for hip dysplasia * Complete a short questionnaire about the experience of having the measurement performed on their child