Helicobacter Infection

The goal of this clinical trial is to discover the prevalence of NHPH bacteria (Non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species) in patients with one of the following conditions: 1. Functional dyspepsia following the Rome IV criteria 2. Active chronic gastritis, non-H. pylori induced atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and non-H.pylori gastric dysplasia 3. Gastric cancer, including siewert type 2 and 3 esophagastric junction cancers In addition, patients undergoing bariatric surgery are included as a control group. This study will be conducted using a prospective analysis in the three targeted study populations. Biopsy specimens routinely taken during the medical procedure or via the resected material in patients belonging to the target groups will be used. Exclusion criteria: * Patients with a history of H. pylori infection diagnosed by serology, on gastric biopsy, by breath test or on antigen test in stool samples. * Pregnancy. * Underage patients (\< 18 years).

This is a multicenter non-inferiority randomized controlled trial for patients infected with Helicobacter pylori. Eligible participants will be randomly split into two groups. One group will take high-dose vonoprazan combined with amoxicillin (vonoprazan 20mg tid, amoxicillin 1000mg bid) for 10 days, while the other group will receive standard-dose vonoprazan plus amoxicillin (vonoprazan 20mg bid, amoxicillin 1000mg bid) for 14 days. The main goal of this study is to compare how well the two treatment plans clear the H. pylori bacteria. We aim to check if the 10-day high-dose treatment works no worse than the 14-day standard treatment. Every participant will take a follow-up test after treatment to see if the bacteria have been eliminated.

To compare the eradication success rate between 10-days sequential therapy and 7-days tailored therapy based on H. pylori culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

This study is intended to be a prospective observational cohort study. The incidence of gastric cancer and progression of gastric precancerous lesions will be compared between groups through prospective follow-up of a population with baseline negative gastric endoscopy, harboring high-risk Hp SNP subtypes and non-high-risk subtypes.

Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacterium that infects up to 50% of the world's population, residing in the gastric mucosa and using the mucus layer for protection from the stomach's high acidity. Its clinical significance is profound: it is classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by the World Health Organization and is a primary cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric lymphoma, and gastric carcinoma. The current first-line treatment, a PPI-based triple therapy (PPI + clarithromycin + amoxicillin), is experiencing a decline in efficacy (cure rates of 50-70%) due to widespread antibiotic resistance and compliance issues. To overcome this, newer agents like Vonoprazan Fumarate, a Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker (P-CAB), are being adopted. Vonoprazan works by reversibly inhibiting the H+, K+ ATPase pump achieving stronger and longer-lasting acid suppression than PPIs because it does not require acid activation and is more stable in an acidic environment. In addition to pharmacological treatment, adjunctive therapies show promise. Vitamin D, acting through Vitamin D Receptor (VDR), assists in eradication by upregulating antimicrobial proteins like beta-defensin and cathelicidin, and its metabolite can cause bacterial cell lysis. Probiotics (primarily Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains) enhance eradication rates by restricting bacterial growth, inhibiting adhesion, and exerting an anti-inflammatory effect through decreased interleukin-8 production. Finally, helicobacter pylori infection is marked by significant inflammation and oxidative stress. The bacterial protein TIP alpha induces high levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF alpha. Furthermore, the infection increases free radical production, leading to oxidative stress reflected by high levels of malondialdehyde. Systemic inflammation is also evident as helicobacter pylori infection is associated with significantly elevated serum C-reactive protein levels, which decrease upon successful eradication. Aim of the work: This study aims at evaluating the safety and efficacy of Vonoprazan vs Proton Pump Inhibitor with Vitamin D or Probiotics Based Triple Therapy for Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori Infection.

This is a single-center, open-label, non-randomized, single-arm clinical study. Eligible participants who provide written informed consent will undergo screening based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Enrolled subjects will receive the investigational treatment: Zastaprazan 20 mg (twice daily), clarithromycin 500 mg (twice daily), and amoxicillin 1000 mg (three times daily) for 14 days. Four to eight weeks after completing the therapy, participants will return for a urea breath test to assess H. pylori eradication. The study will also investigate the efficacy of this therapy in clarithromycin-resistant patients to indirectly assess the potential of a dual regimen using Zastaprazan and amoxicillin.