Metabolic Syndrome

Background: Abnormal fats in the blood can lead to many problems, including heart disease. Researchers want to learn more about how eating meals with different levels of nutrients affects fats in the blood. Specifically, they want to study people with too much body fat, too little body fat, and a kidney problem called nephrotic syndrome. Objective: To learn more about how different types of foods affect fat levels in the blood. Eligibility: People aged 18 years or older with a health condition that affects how their body handles fats. Healthy volunteers are also needed. Design: Participants will have 2 overnight stays in the clinic within 6 months. At each visit, after staying overnight, they will eat a breakfast casserole. At 1 visit, breakfast will be a high-fat, low carbohydrate meal. At the other, it will be a high-carbohydrate, low-fat meal. Participants will have a tube inserted into a vein in their arm. They will have blood drawn via the tube 12 times in 8 hours: 2 times before they eat the breakfast and 10 times after. Participants will have other tests during their stays: * A resting metabolic test captures the air they exhale and measures how much energy they use at rest. * A dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan measures how much fat and muscle they have. * A Fibroscan is a special type of ultrasound of the liver. * A body surface scan uses lasers to measure the total area of the body. * A bioelectric impedance (BIS) exam measures how fast small electric currents move through their body. Participants may opt to have a third visit. At this visit, the breakfast will be high in protein....

This study will adopt a 2-arm, pretest-posttest, and assessor-blind RCT design to examine the effectiveness of a theory-based health behaviour change intervention on WC (primary outcome), kidney function (eGFR, primary outcome), dietary behaviour, PA, exercise capacity, and self-efficacy of dietary behaviour and PA among Chinese adults with metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease. A total of 160 adults with metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease will be recruited, with 80 participants in each group. Data will be collected at 4 time points (baseline, immediate post-intervention, 1-month post-intervention, and 6-month post-intervention) via an online questionnaire survey platform (Qualtrics) by researchers blinded to the group allocation to reduce the detection bias.

KEY INFORMATION: The purpose of this study is to understand how insulin resistance (how your body processes sugar) and PTSD might be related. The goal is to improve the health of Veterans in three ways: 1. Understanding health risks: The investigators want to learn why Veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are more likely to develop medical problems related to insulin resistance, such as diabetes. 2. Testing effects of a medication: The investigators are testing whether prazosin, a medication that studies have shown may address some PTSD symptoms, can also improve how the body responds to insulin. If it does, this could point to a specific biological pathway that could be targeted for development of new treatments to prevent insulin resistance and diabetes in Veterans with PTSD. 3. Links to depression. The investigators will also look at whether insulin sensitivity affects depression symptoms in people with PTSD. This may inform future research into treatments for PTSD.

This study tests the hypothesis that Metabolic Syndrome (MetSyn) decreases cerebral blood flow (CBF) more in females than males due in part to the sex-specific loss of COX vasodilation. Male and female participants will be enrolled in two groups: Healthy Controls versus participants with MetSyn.

TRANSFORM is a prospective, randomized, open blinded endpoint (PROBE), event-driven, pragmatic trial in patients who are at increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease but with no known symptomatic CV disease. The trial tests the hypothesis that a Cleerly Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Staging System-based care strategy reduces CV events compared with risk factor-based care.

This is an effectiveness-implementation Hybrid Type 1 study using a randomized clinical trial design to evaluate the effectiveness and potential real-world integration of immediate postpartum semaglutide following a pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A total of 226 postpartum individuals with recent GDM will be randomized 1:1 to semaglutide or standard postpartum care for a 6-month active treatment phase. The primary effectiveness outcome, development of metabolic syndrome, will be assessed at 6 months postpartum. Participants will subsequently enter a 6-month maintenance phase, during which semaglutide continuation, discontinuation, or initiation will reflect patient preferences, clinical decision-making, medication access, and insurance coverage.

This study aims to evaluate the clinical value of multimodal ultrasound for assessing muscle mass in patients with metabolic diseases, including metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and simple obesity. Skeletal muscle is the largest metabolic organ in the human body and plays a critical role in glucose metabolism. Muscle mass reduction is common in patients with metabolic diseases and is associated with insulin resistance, poor disease control, and increased risk of complications. Currently available methods for muscle assessment, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have limitations including high cost, radiation exposure, or poor portability, making them unsuitable for routine bedside monitoring. Multimodal ultrasound combines B-mode imaging, shear-wave elastography, superb microvascular imaging, and artificial intelligence analysis to provide a comprehensive evaluation of muscle morphology, stiffness, microcirculation, and quality. This non-invasive, radiation-free, and portable technique may serve as an ideal tool for muscle assessment in clinical practice. This prospective observational study will enroll 320 participants divided into four groups: metabolic syndrome (n=80), type 2 diabetes (n=80), simple obesity (n=80), and healthy controls (n=80). All participants will undergo baseline assessments including clinical data collection, biochemical tests, muscle function tests (handgrip strength, gait speed, Short Physical Performance Battery \[SPPB\]), multimodal ultrasound examination (muscle thickness, cross-sectional area, echo intensity, shear wave velocity, Young's modulus, microvascular density), and DXA measurement as the reference standard. The three metabolic disease groups will be followed prospectively for 12 months with repeat assessments at 6 and 12 months. The primary objectives are to determine diagnostic thresholds of multimodal ultrasound parameters for detecting metabolic sarcopenia; to establish correlation between ultrasound parameters and metabolic indicators (blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin \[HbA1c\], homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance \[HOMA-IR\], lipids); to develop a combined diagnostic model integrating ultrasound and clinical parameters; and to evaluate the predictive value of baseline ultrasound parameters for 12-month disease progression and complications. The findings will provide a non-invasive, convenient, and widely applicable tool for early screening, risk stratification, and therapeutic monitoring of muscle abnormalities in patients with metabolic diseases.

Background: \- Innate immunity is the process by which white blood cells and other parts of the immune system sense and respond to potential infections by causing an inflammation. Researchers are interested in studying how the body responds to certain environmental factors, and whether the body s response can contribute to chronic illnesses or diseases such as asthma and certain types of cancers. Objectives: \- To examine how specific genes and proteins in blood cells respond to environmental exposures. Eligibility: \- Healthy volunteers between 18 and 45 years of age. Design: * The study will involve one visit of 45 to 60 minutes. * Participants will be screened with a brief physical examination and finger stick to determine if they are eligible to donate blood for the study, and will complete a questionnaire about any medications or other drugs (e.g., cigarettes) they may be taking. * Participants will provide a blood sample for research purposes.

metabolic syndrome may be prevalent in familial Mediterrean fever. Dietary limitations are main treatment in metabilc syndrome

metabolic syndrome and fatty liver is common in adolescents with celiac diseases. exercise may control these cardiovascular risk factors

This study aims to establish a cohort of individuals with metabolic syndrome and prediabetes to enable long-term follow-up of risk factors, disease progression, and the development of obesity-related complications. The study will also monitor changes in nutritional status and physical function over time, in order to identify key prognostic determinants influencing clinical outcomes. Metabolic syndrome and prediabetes are chronic multisystem disorders, and poor long-term control is closely associated with the development of various complications. Moreover, malnutrition and functional decline are common comorbid conditions that further impair quality of life and impose a substantial burden on healthcare resources.

This is a single-arm, open-label, pre-post controlled study to evaluate the effect of Mazdutide on the annualized flare rate (AFR) in adults with obesity and gout. The study will enroll 30 subjects aged 18 to 65 years with a Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 30.0 kg/m². Eligible participants must have a confirmed diagnosis of gout and a history of at least 2 gout flares in the past 6 months. The primary objective is to compare the AFR during the 52-week treatment period with the 12 months prior to treatment. All subjects will receive Mazdutide with a dose-escalation regimen, and their outcomes will be compared to their own baseline data.

Medications used after transplant to prevent rejection are associated with many side effects. Tacrolimus side effects include kidney dysfunction; tremor, headaches, difficulty sleeping, change in sensation (legs), seizure, or confusion; high blood pressure; anemia, or low blood cell counts; diabetes; abnormal cholesterol and weight gain. The investigators want to use a new, approved, formulation of the standard medication (Envarsus) as they believe it may be associated with reduced side effects. The investigators would like to assess how safe it is to use this medication and how well it works in comparison to currently used formulations. The investigators will study if there are less side effects and will study clinical outcomes (including how well the liver does and if there is need for hospitalizations after transplant). The investigators hope that this information will improve the care provided to and outcomes in patients following liver transplant.

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a hormone that helps regulate blood glucose levels through improved insulin sensitivity and release of insulin from the pancreas, control hunger, induce satiety and plays a role in the metabolic health of a person. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) have been shown to be effective in achieving weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes while improving blood glucose control. Bariatric surgical procedures have been shown to be effective in treating obesity as well as superior to best medical therapy for treatment of diabetes not just through restriction of calories but also through a positive impact in modifications of gut hormones, changes in circulating bile acids, modifications in the gut microflora as well as other undefined mechanisms. The combined benefits of GLP1-RAs with bariatric surgery have only been studied to a limited effect. In this randomized trial, the effects of continuation or discontinuation of GLP1-RA therapy in patients undergoing bariatric surgery will be determined. We will compare changes in weight, metabolic determinants including circulating bile acids and gut microbiome, psychological determinants of eating behavior, and adverse side effects in patients who continue vs discontinue therapy. Given differences in metabolic and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), both surgical groups will be examined. The study will be conducted at a high volume bariatric surgical program where patients will undergo randomization at the time of final clinic visit prior to surgery to continue or discontinue GLP1-RA. It is hypothesized that participants who continue GLP1-RA therapy after bariatric surgery will lose more weight with improved blood glucose control than those who discontinue therapy. Furthermore, changes in gut microbiome and circulating bile acids, known determinants of metabolic health, will be modified to a differential extent in those who are on GLP1-RAs vs those where GLP1-RAs are discontinued. Understanding the role these medications play in not only clinical outcomes after metabolic surgery but potential metabolic mechanisms by which surgery improves patient's metabolic health could help people with obesity and type 2 diabetes make informed decisions about their treatment options as well as advise providers on the continuation of these medications in the perioperative and postoperative period.

This study builds AI models that score diagnostic screening tests, and that predict screening results, clinical judgment, and life expectancy. Longevity Metrics collects a battery of clinical tests on each participant, in whole or in part, and follows every participant for life. The sit-to-rise test and the timed walk are scored by hand today, from a person's count. A model scores the same test from video instead. It also measures what no one can count by eye - speed, asymmetry, steadiness - so one capture yields both the original score and additional measurements, intended to enrich the model and strengthen what it predicts. Every test in a participant's record measures the same body, so the tests are correlated: a test that was performed carries information about one that was not. A model trained across the library learns those relationships and estimates a missing result from the results that are present. Each estimate is checked against records where that part was actually measured, and over decades against death and disease through linkage to the 100-Year Human Aging Study (NCT07563777). The hypothesis is that the full battery can eventually be predicted across modalities with high accuracy using a few short video clips, replacing most in-person screening. That would let preventive screening reach people and places a physical laboratory cannot. How far the input can be reduced is the question this study exists to answer. Every model is a physician-reviewed clinical decision aid until it is cleared by the FDA.

The Health Ahead Comparative Effectiveness Study is a pragmatic, parallel-arm interventional platform that systematically compares successive changes to preventive health screening on the path toward a fully automated screening system deployable in any environment, including the most isolated and resource-limited communities. Each change is isolated as a single variable against current practice, and every comparison is evaluated with a common set of engagement, behavior-change, experience, cost, and longitudinal outcome measures, so results accumulate on a consistent yardstick across the life of the platform. The first comparison evaluates AI-assisted versus human-only interpretation ("reads") of screening data. Subsequent pre-planned comparisons, added by protocol amendment, evaluate static versus interactive personalized report delivery; mobile community versus fixed laboratory screening; and a hybrid medical-droid-plus-human delivery model versus human-only screening.

The Human Observatory Study is a prospective observational and ecological surveillance study building a continuously-updating world model for human health, disease, and death at the individual and population level. Individual multi-system clinical data from enrolled participants are linked to a continuously-ingested ecological data infrastructure spanning environmental exposures, social determinants, genealogical and family history records, mortality data, and population health databases at geographic resolutions from home address to global scale and beyond. The resulting model generates individual screening recommendations informed by population-level causal estimates, and population-level causal forecasts anchored by present-timepoint individual clinical biology. This linkage creates a feedback architecture designed to improve both simultaneously.

The 100-Year Human Aging Study is a prospective, pragmatic, observational trial enrolling participants across fixed clinical sites, mobile clinical sites, and an online participation pathway (current and future) to undergo comprehensive multi-system health screening and longitudinal follow-up until death. Participants are followed to determine whether measurements taken at enrollment and repeated across the lifespan - individually and in combination - predict all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, incident serious disease, and functional disability. The study is designed to generate the surrogate endpoint validation data that longevity medicine currently lacks.

This study aims to evaluate the impact of public health interventions on changes in healthy lifestyle habits over time and their subsequent effects on health outcomes. The investigators hypothesize that exposing at-risk populations to structured physical activity programs, education on healthy nutrition, promotion of the Mediterranean diet, and workshops focused on strengthening psychological resilience will lead to improvements in anthropometric, oxidative, metabolic, and psychological parameters. Anthropometric and laboratory measures will be collected at multiple time points throughout the study. The longitudinal follow-up will span 12 months. It is anticipated that sustained adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors will result in positive lifestyle changes and enhanced health-related quality of life.

The goal of this observational study is to evaluate cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness in children with obesity, with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and examine how fitness relates to body measurements, body composition, and cardiometabolic health. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Do children with and without ASD differ in cardiorespiratory fitness and handgrip strength? * Are fitness levels related to body composition and measures of cardiometabolic health? Researchers will compare children with ASD to children without ASD to see if there are differences in fitness, body composition, and cardiometabolic health. Participants will have information from their medical records reviewed, including: * Cardiorespiratory fitness and handgrip strength test results * Height, weight, BMI, and body composition measurements * Blood test results, including HbA1c and cholesterol levels * Age, sex, and other demographic information

Obesity is associated with increased cardiometabolic disease risk due, in part, to heightened chronic inflammation arising from adipose tissue. There are no current targeted therapies to prevent or reverse the chronic inflammation of obesity, and a better understanding of these inflammatory pathways in humans is key to future therapeutic interventions. This trial will determine both the anti-inflammatory potential of the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin, and the contribution of adipose inflammation to surrogate measures of cardiovascular disease in a randomized controlled trial of obese patients.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease associated with a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Asprosin is a recently identified adipokine involved in glucose regulation, insulin resistance, and systemic inflammation, but its role in the cardiometabolic complications of RA remains incompletely understood. The purpose of this case-control study is to evaluate and compare serum Asprosin levels among RA patients with metabolic syndrome, RA patients without metabolic syndrome, and healthy control individuals. The study will also assess the association between serum Asprosin concentrations, RA disease activity (DAS28-ESR), and various cardiometabolic risk indices (including TyG index, Atherogenic Index of Plasma, and Castelli risk indices). Participants will undergo a comprehensive clinical assessment, disease activity scoring, physical function evaluation using the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and laboratory investigations including fasting blood tests and serum Asprosin measurement via ELISA. Findings from this study may help clarify the pathophysiological role of Asprosin in RA and improve cardiometabolic risk stratification in affected patients.

This study aims to investigate the extent to which vegan or plant-based, omnivorous, and carnivore dietary patterns affect LDL aggregation susceptibility (the affinity for LDL cholesterol particles to clump together in the blood), which may promote plaque build-up in arteries. Using a cross-sectional mixed-methods design, the study will measure LDL aggregation, blood lipids, and other metabolic biomarkers in individuals following these diets, and combine these data with dietary and behavioural information to examine links with cardiovascular and metabolic health.

The main objective is to determine if in-home portable air cleaners provide persistent reductions in PM2.5 exposures and improvements in systolic blood pressure and biochemical parameters over 4-weeks in patients with metabolic syndrome residing in Qatar.

Patients with schizophrenia on second-generation antipsychotics have a high burden of metabolic syndrome and elevated cardiovascular risk, with few effective treatment options. This multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised trial evaluates whether adjunctive oral semaglutide 3 mg once daily, added to treatment as usual, reduces 10-year cardiovascular risk (QRISK3) and improves insulin resistance, lipids, weight and metabolic biomarkers over 24 weeks compared with placebo, while confirming psychiatric safety and tolerability.