Pulmonary Nodules

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether intraoperative longitude-latitude-depth three-dimensional localization (LLD localization) is non-inferior to preoperative CT-guided percutaneous lung puncture localization for identifying 0.8-2 cm peripheral pulmonary nodules in adults undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)-assisted sublobar resection. It will also evaluate the safety and perioperative effectiveness of the two localization methods. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Is the localization accuracy rate of LLD localization non-inferior to that of CT-guided percutaneous lung puncture localization? 2. Does LLD localization improve perioperative outcomes, including localization time, postoperative recovery, pain, quality of life, and perioperative complication rates? Researchers will compare LLD localization with CT-guided percutaneous lung puncture localization to determine whether LLD localization provides comparable localization accuracy while reducing procedure-related complications and improving perioperative outcomes. Participants will: 1. Be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the LLD localization group or the CT-guided percutaneous lung puncture localization group. 2. Undergo pulmonary nodule localization using the assigned localization method. 3. Receive VATS-assisted sublobar resection following localization. 4. Be assessed for localization accuracy, perioperative complications, localization time, postoperative chest drainage tube removal time, oxygenation index, postoperative hospital stay, pain scores, and quality-of-life outcomes. 5. Complete follow-up assessments at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery.

Right-sided double-lumen tubes are used for lung isolation during thoracoscopic surgery but can be difficult to position because of right bronchial anatomy. This multicenter randomized controlled trial will compare a continuous video-guided right-sided double-lumen tube with a conventional right-sided double-lumen tube in adult patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery requiring right-sided lung isolation. The primary objective is to determine whether continuous video guidance increases the rate of successful initial right-sided double-lumen tube positioning. Secondary outcomes include positioning time, clinically relevant intraoperative tube displacement, rescue fiberoptic bronchoscopy, lung collapse quality, hypoxemia during one-lung ventilation, and airway-related complications.

This is an observational, multicentre study. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance and clinical applicability of artificial intelligence models for pulmonary nodule segmentation, benign-malignant risk stratification, and follow-up management. We will collect CT images and medical data from participants at several hospitals. Participants will not receive any drugs or medical interventions.

This prospective, single-center clinical study will evaluate whether an 18-gauge ultrafine cryoablation needle can be used feasibly and safely during CT-guided coaxial transthoracic biopsy of pulmonary nodules. Approximately 30 adults with pulmonary nodules highly suspected of malignancy who are unsuitable for or decline surgery or radiotherapy will undergo biopsy and cryoablation during the same procedure. The study will assess technical success, biopsy diagnostic performance, imaging-based local control, and device- or procedure-related adverse events. Participants will be followed for up to 36 months. The study hypothesis is that the same-tract procedure is technically feasible and provides acceptable safety and local disease control.

The goal of this pragmatic clinical trial is to learn whether AI-based personalized digital management can help patients with high-risk pulmonary nodules complete appropriate follow-up care. The study will include adults aged 40 years or older whose pulmonary nodules were identified on chest CT scans already performed at the hospital for clinical care, health examinations, or other reasons. The hospital's AI-based lung nodule evaluation system will be used to identify nodules classified as high risk. Patients who have already completed follow-up or entered an active pulmonary nodule management pathway will not be included. The main question this study aims to answer is: \- Does personalized digital management increase the proportion of patients who complete appropriate pulmonary nodule follow-up within 16 weeks after randomization compared with usual care? Researchers will compare personalized digital management with usual care. Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to one of the following groups: * The personalized digital management group will receive individualized information about the pulmonary nodule and recommendations for appropriate follow-up through the hospital's official WeChat account. * The usual care group will not receive the study-specific personalized digital message. Participants in both groups may continue to receive routine clinical care. Participants will: * Provide electronic informed consent * Answer a brief questionnaire about pulmonary nodule care received outside the hospital and selected health information, including smoking history * Continue their usual medical care * Allow researchers to review relevant hospital records to determine whether pulmonary nodule follow-up was completed The study will not arrange an additional initial chest CT solely for research purposes. Appropriate follow-up may include specialist evaluation, follow-up chest CT, PET/CT, tissue sampling, surgery, or a documented clinical decision that no further evaluation is needed. Researchers will also examine subsequent diagnostic procedures, lung cancer diagnoses, treatments, complications, and longer-term clinical outcomes.

This is a very safe and beneficial clinical study. We hope to obtain near-real airway anatomical parameters of patients before surgery through airway three-dimensional reconstruction technology, to assist anesthesiologists in matching the most suitable double-lumen bronchial tube size for each patient, thereby reducing the rate of intubation failure and the occurrence of perioperative adverse events to a certain extent.

The aim of this clinical trial is to investigate the effects of local anesthetic diffusion range and sensory block range during retro-SCTLB(retro superior costotransverse ligament space block) and TPVB(thoracic paravertebral block) in patients undergoing CT-guided lung nodule localization. The main issue of the study is to determine the differences in the diffusion range and sensory block range of local anesthetics between the retro-SCTLB and TPVB nerve block methods.

This study will randomize participants undergoing a bronchoscopic biopsy of a peripheral pulmonary nodule for their standard of care to receive robotic-assisted bronchoscopy (RaB) and then staging linear endobronchial ultrasounnd (EBUS) OR staging linear EBUS first, followed by RaB. The goal of this study is to set the standard for optimizing the sequence of bronchoscopic procedures in patients at risk for early-stage malignancy.

This multicenter prospective diagnostic accuracy study will compare the performance of three artificial intelligence (AI) models (MVCS, LungDoc, and a United Imaging AI model) for predicting the malignancy risk of pulmonary nodules on chest CT. All enrolled patients will have pulmonary nodules ≤3 cm on CT and a definitive postoperative or biopsy pathological diagnosis. The AI models will generate continuous malignancy probability scores based only on CT images. Pathology will serve as the gold standard. The primary objective is to compare the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for malignancy prediction among the three AI models. Secondary objectives include comparison of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, accuracy, F1 score, and calibration. Exploratory analyses will evaluate the MVCS model for predicting pathological invasion degree (pre-invasive, minimally invasive, and invasive adenocarcinoma) and an extended MVCSN model that incorporates clinical and imaging features in a data-complete subset.

Pulmonary ground-glass nodules (GGNs) are commonly found on chest CT scans. Some stay stable for years, while others slowly or rapidly turn into lung cancer. Doctors currently follow these nodules with repeated CT scans, but it is difficult to tell ahead of time which nodules will progress, how fast they will progress, and which ones can be safely monitored rather than immediately treated. This observational study aims to develop and validate an artificial intelligence (AI) model that uses each patient's series of CT scans over time to predict the long-term growth behavior of a GGN. The research team will collect three retrospective single-center cohorts from Peking University People's Hospital (a development cohort and two internal test cohorts, one from surgically resected patients and one from non-operated patients followed by serial CT) as well as a prospective multi-center validation cohort enrolled after the AI model is locked. For every patient, each GGN is automatically segmented in three dimensions on every CT scan. A deep learning model extracts imaging features at each timepoint and feeds the sequence of features, together with the actual times between scans, into a time-aware sequence model. The model is trained to predict (i) whether the nodule will show radiological progression at 1, 3, and 5 years after baseline, and (ii) which of four long-term growth patterns the nodule will follow: stable, slow progression, slow-then-rapid progression, or rapid progression. In patients who were ultimately resected, the histopathological diagnosis serves as a secondary reference standard. This is an observational study. No experimental treatment is given. All CT scans and clinical visits are part of routine clinical care.

This study aims to design and conduct a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled post-market clinical trial to validate the clinical efficacy of high-precision electromagnetic navigation technology.

This is a prospective, single-arm, open-label clinical study. The primary study objective is to evaluate the feasibility of synchronous biopsy and radiofrequency ablation for pulmonary nodules under robotic-assisted bronchoscopy.

This research study aims to retrospectively and prospectively analyze the clinical, anamnestic, functional, biological data of patients who have performed or will perform non-contrast chest photon count CT. The use of contrast medium is evaluated by the physician. Main objective The study aims to understand how many people who undergo non-contrast photon-counting chest CT have: lung nodules, chest tumors, and other non-cancerous lung diseases. Secondary objectives * Analyze the data with the help of artificial intelligence to create a "digital twin" of the lung, that is, a virtual copy of the lung that allows you to study and simulate the behavior of the lung for research and analysis purposes, without directly intervening on the patient. * Follow any suspicious lung changes over time to understand how they change and whether they are linked to clinical, biological, or laboratory parameters. The enrollment phase will last 12 months and will begin with the approval of the study. At this stage, clinical data already present in the patient's medical record and data relating to the photon count CT examination will be collected. After the enrollment phase, the patient will be observed for a further total duration of 10 years: in particular, a follow-up visit will be arranged at two, five and ten years. More specifically, if there are no radiological elements that require scheduling a visit to the center, the patient will be contacted by telephone for a telematic update of the data. If, however, pulmonary alterations are identified during the study, the patient will be referred to the Reference Operating Unit, as per clinical practice, to continue with the most appropriate personalized diagnostic-therapeutic process. In these cases, the patient will be contacted by telephone and an appointment with the institution will be suggested.

Lung malignant tumors are a significant health threat with high incidence and mortality rates, and molecular imaging is crucial for early diagnosis, staging, prognosis evaluation, and therapeutic efficacy assessment. 18F-FDG PET imaging is widely used, but has limitations. CDH3 is a promising target for tumor-targeted imaging, as it is only expressed in cancerous epithelial cells. A new PET probe, 68Ga-TOI-1, targeting CDH3 has been developed with better affinity and selectivity than previous probes. Preclinical data support its safety and metabolic stability, and future research will explore its diagnostic and staging value in different types of lung tumors, providing a new and precise evaluation method for lung malignant tumors.

What is this study about? This study tests a new robotic technology to take tissue samples from lung nodules (small spots in the lungs). Some lung nodules are cancer, but doctors need a tissue sample to know for sure. What is the problem? Current methods to get tissue from lung nodules only work about 7 out of 10 times. When they don't work, doctors may need riskier procedures. What is the new technology? The new technology is called robotic bronchoscopy (ssRAB). It uses a robot with special sensors to guide a thin tube more accurately to lung nodules than current methods. Who can join? Adults aged 19 or older who have lung nodules that need tissue sampling and are healthy enough for the procedure. What happens? Participants will have the robotic procedure while asleep under anesthesia. The robot guides a thin tube to the lung nodule to take a small tissue sample. Participants are watched for problems and followed for 6 months. What are the risks and benefits? The new technology may be more accurate and safer than current methods. The main risks are small chance of lung collapse or bleeding, similar to regular procedures. Why is this important? This study will show if the new robotic technology works well and is safe in Korea. If successful, it could help diagnose lung cancer earlier and more accurately. This study will include 100 people at Ulsan University Hospital in Korea.

This is a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial conducted at a single center. The study aims to evaluate whether a "tubeless" strategy can enhance recovery for patients undergoing minimally invasive thoracoscopic sublobar resection (wedge or segment resection) for small lung nodules. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: * The experimental group will receive the "tubeless" strategy, which includes non-endotracheal intubation anesthesia (using a laryngeal mask) and no routine chest tube drainage after surgery. * The control group will receive the traditional strategy, which includes double-lumen endotracheal intubation anesthesia and routine chest tube drainage. The main goal is to compare the rate of achieving high-quality fast-track recovery at 24 hours after surgery between the two groups. This study will provide evidence on whether the tubeless approach can help patients recover faster and more comfortably without compromising safety.

This is a large clinical study that compares two different types of anesthesia for patients undergoing a specific kind of minimally invasive lung surgery (thoracoscopic sublobar resection) to remove small, early-stage lung nodules. The study aims to find out if a newer anesthesia method, known as "non-intubated anesthesia" (where patients breathe on their own with the help of a laryngeal mask airway and nerve blocks for pain control), is as safe as the traditional "intubated anesthesia" (which uses a breathing tube and a machine to breathe for the patient). The main goals of the study are, in order: 1. Safety First: To confirm that the non-intubated method does not lead to more lung complications within 30 days after surgery compared to the traditional method. 2. Effectiveness: If it is proven safe, the study will then check if patients receiving the non-intubated anesthesia have a better quality of recovery in the first 24 hours after surgery (e.g., less pain, fewer side effects like a sore throat, and a faster return to normal activities). Approximately 1600 patients from multiple hospitals will be randomly assigned (like flipping a coin) to receive one of the two anesthesia methods. Neither the patients nor the surgeons will be told which group the patient is in when assessing the main outcomes after surgery, to ensure the results are fair and unbiased. The results of this study will provide high-quality evidence to help doctors and patients choose the best and most comfortable anesthesia option for this type of lung surgery.

1. To compare the precision of robot-guided microwave ablation and CT-guided microwave ablation in the treatment of ground-glass nodules. 2. To evaluate the safety of robot-assisted microwave ablation and CT-guided microwave ablation in the treatment of ground-glass nodules. 3. Explore the application potential of robot navigation microwave ablation technology in the treatment of pulmonary nodules.

This study aims to evaluate the effects of a technology-assisted preoperative home-based exercise program, delivered through a LINE Official Account and LINE BOT, on postoperative hand-grip strength, muscle endurance, and psychological distress in patients undergoing thoracoscopic pulmonary nodule resection. The study adopts a single-group pretest post-test design and plans to recruit 60 eligible patients. The intervention consists of at least one week of home exercise training before surgery, incorporating aerobic, resistance, and breathing exercises. Education, guidance, and interactive feedback are provided through the LINE platform to support adherence and exercise performance. Outcomes will be assessed at three time points: baseline (T0), immediately before surgery (T1), and two weeks after surgery (T2).

This prospective, single-center, non-inferiority, randomized controlled clinical trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a percutaneous interventional surgical control system in performing percutaneous needle biopsy of pulmonary nodules, compared with conventional manual biopsy. The study will be conducted at Shanghai Chest Hospital and plans to enroll 158 patients who meet the indications for percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) and have no contraindications. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: the experimental group will undergo PTNB assisted by the percutaneous interventional surgical control system, while the control group will receive traditional manual PTNB. The primary endpoint is diagnostic yield; secondary endpoints include technical success rate, number of needle adjustments, puncture time, total procedure time, radiation dose, and complication rates.

The goal of this observational clinical trial is to establish a new method for differentiating benign and malignant pulmonary nodules by peripheral blood detection in patients with pulmonary nodules (\<3cm). The main questions it aims to answer is: How to combine blood metabolomic mass spectrometry detection and artificial intelligence image analysis to establish a new model for differentiating benign and malignant pulmonary nodules. Participants will be asked provide 4 mL peripheral blood for the test.

Study Objective: To comprehensively analyze the preoperative clinical and imaging characteristics of solid pulmonary nodules, investigate the risk factors associated with malignant solid pulmonary nodules, and provide a reference for preoperative treatment decisions. Significance of the Study: According to the 2020 Global Cancer Report, lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While the majority of patients with stage I lung cancer achieve long-term survival, survival rates for advanced-stage patients are extremely low. Early screening, diagnosis, and treatment of lung cancer are crucial. With the widespread implementation of early lung cancer screening, a growing number of pulmonary nodules are being detected, among which solid pulmonary nodules constitute a significant proportion. Unlike ground-glass nodules, accurately distinguishing between benign and malignant solid nodules is critical for determining appropriate treatment strategies. For benign solid nodules, follow-up observation is the preferred approach, whereas early surgical intervention is essential for malignant solid nodules. Although previous studies have explored the correlation between clinical and imaging characteristics, they have not conducted systematic analyses, and most have been based on small sample sizes. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of preoperative clinical and imaging characteristics, build a predictive model to differentiate between benign and malignant solid pulmonary nodules, and provide a reliable reference for selecting treatment strategies.