Saliva Altered

People who use glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, such as semaglutide and tirzepatide, may experience changes in their oral health. Some people report dry mouth, changes in saliva, and increased wear of their teeth after starting these medicines. However, little is known about whether these medicines affect saliva and dental hard tissues. The purpose of this study is to evaluate changes in salivary calcium levels, salivary function, and dental hard tissues in adults who begin treatment with semaglutide or tirzepatide for obesity. Approximately 40 participants will be enrolled before starting GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy. Oral examinations, standardized intraoral photographs, saliva samples, and body weight measurements will be obtained before treatment and again after three months. Saliva samples will be analyzed for calcium concentration, pH, and salivary flow rate. Dental hard tissue changes will be assessed using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) index. The findings from this study may improve understanding of the effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on oral health and help healthcare professionals identify and prevent possible dental complications during treatment.

Hyposalivation is a condition that has increased in frequency, primarily due to the degeneration of salivary glands caused by aging, polypharmacy, chronic or autoimmune diseases, or radiation treatments. Most of these factors are associated with the elderly, a growing demographic due to the aging population. Therefore, addressing this condition has become crucial in our population, as has understanding how it affects their quality of life. Given that saliva plays a vital role in maintaining the oral mucosa, tooth structure, initiating digestion, and even speech, a long-term treatment to stimulate salivary production would be extremely helpful in resolving these problems. Currently, only palliative measures that temporarily cover or lubricate the oral cavity and its structures are available. Among the most innovative treatments is neuroelectrical stimulation (TENS) as an adjunct in the therapy of dry mouth, which has shown improvement; however, this improvement has not been quantified through objective measurements that would allow for determining the quantity and quality of saliva, nor in the long term. Likewise, the patient's quality of life affected by this condition has not been assessed. Therefore, the objective of this project is to evaluate the effect on salivary quality and quantity after the application of neuroelectrical stimulation as a treatment for patients with dry mouth, as well as their quality of life.