Clinical trials

This study evaluates whether a single dose of anrikefon, given intravenously shortly before the end of kidney stone removal surgery (PCNL), can reduce opioid-related side effects such as nausea, vomiting, itching, oversedation, and breathing problems in the first 24 hours after surgery. All participants receive the same standard pain control regimen (flurbiprofen axetil plus a sufentanil patient-controlled pump). In addition, half receive anrikefon and half receive a placebo (saline), decided by random allocation, with neither patients nor doctors knowing who receives which. A total of 160 adults (18-75 years) undergoing elective PCNL at Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital will take part. Pain scores, opioid use, recovery, satisfaction, kidney function and side effects will be followed for up to 3 days after surgery.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether remimazolam helps prevent low blood pressure better than propofol during major liver surgery in adults. All participants will have planned surgery to remove at least three liver segments. The main question is whether participants who receive remimazolam have less low blood pressure while the surgeon removes liver tissue. Researchers will measure both how low the blood pressure falls and how long it stays low. Researchers will randomly assign 224 participants to receive remimazolam or propofol to maintain general anesthesia. Participants will not know which drug they receive until their postoperative assessments are complete. The anesthesiologist giving the drug will know the assignment for safety reasons. Participants will: * Receive one of the two study drugs during surgery * Have their blood pressure monitored continuously * Receive standard treatment if their blood pressure becomes low * Complete follow-up through 30 days after surgery Researchers will also compare the use of medicines to support blood pressure, bleeding, blood transfusion, recovery after anesthesia, organ complications, heart injury, and adverse events.

The REPAIR Trial is a single-center, prospective, randomized, parallel-group superiority trial enrolling 320 adults scheduled for elective cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with or without hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Participants will be assigned 1:1 to bispectral index-guided remimazolam- or propofol-based general anesthesia under standardized perioperative care. The primary objective is to determine whether remimazolam improves patient-reported recovery 48 ± 4 hours after surgery, measured by the Chinese 15-item Quality of Recovery score (QoR-15; range, 0 to 150; higher scores indicate better recovery). The investigators hypothesize that remimazolam will produce a higher 48-hour QoR-15 score than propofol. Secondary outcomes will characterize recovery at 24 and 72 hours, intraoperative hypotension burden and vasopressor use, acute kidney injury, infection, delirium, respiratory complications, other safety events, and 30-day mortality.

This study aims to develop an explainable machine learning model that takes into account the characteristics of cardiopulmonary interactions. This model will enable early prediction of acute lung injury (ALI) in patients undergoing major liver surgery. The research will create a digital early-warning system for ALI, thereby supporting clinical diagnosis and treatment decisions. This, in turn, should help reduce the incidence and mortality rates associated with ALI.

This multicenter observational diagnostic study aims to evaluate pulsatile electrical impedance tomography (EIT) for the diagnosis and monitoring of acute pulmonary embolism. The study includes a retrospective phase and a prospective phase. EIT-derived ventilation-perfusion matching index, dead-space ventilation index, and intrapulmonary shunt index will be compared with CT pulmonary angiography and relevant clinical indicators. The study is designed to assess whether EIT can provide a noninvasive, bedside, radiation-free method for pulmonary embolism diagnosis, risk stratification, and dynamic treatment monitoring.

Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder associated with chronic pelvic pain and infertility, which affects women of reproductive age worldwide. This study aims to investigate the expression patterns of specific molecules in tissue specimens obtained from patients with endometriosis. The investigators will compare the expression levels of these molecules between endometriotic lesions and normal tissue. The primary objective of this study is to elucidate the potential roles of these molecules in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.

This study is a multicenter, bidirectional cohort study aimed at continuously enrolling patients with biliary dilatation from 25 medical centers in China. It will collect comprehensive life-cycle data from the cohort to establish a Chinese cohort for bile duct dilatation. Based on this cohort, the study seeks to clarify the epidemiological characteristics, pathological features, standard classification, disease progression, cancer risk, and optimal timing for surgical intervention in patients with bile duct dilatation. Additionally, it will compare the perioperative risks, long-term outcomes, and quality of life among different types of patients (including Todani types I, IVa, and V) following surgical treatment, to establish standardized surgical treatment strategies for each type.

This multi-center, prospective observational study aims to develop and validate an interpretable prediction model for Myocardial Injury After Noncardiac Surgery (MINS) in patients undergoing major hepatobiliary surgery. The study adopts a nested modeling strategy, starting with baseline risk factors (e.g., RCRI) and stepwise incorporating hepatic inflow occlusion strategies (specifically comparing SPVO vs. Pringle maneuver) and routine intraoperative biomarkers. The model's performance will be evaluated using AUC, Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI), and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA), followed by interpretability analysis using SHAP values and external validation in an independent cohort.

Official Title: A Study of Key Parameters and Mechanisms in Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment Using Tumor Models Why is this study being done? This research study is for adults with a type of cancer called Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma (MPM). Currently, it is hard for doctors to know which treatment will work best for each patient after surgery. This study will test a new, personalized way to choose treatments using a model grown from a patient's own tumor in the lab, called a Patient-derived tumor-like cell cluster (PTC) model. The main goal is to see if using this PTC model to guide treatment can help patients live longer without their cancer getting worse, compared to a standard chemotherapy treatment. Who can participate? Adults aged 18 and older with a specific type of MPM (epithelioid or biphasic) who are planned to have surgery and heated chemotherapy (CRS+HIPEC) and can provide a tumor sample for the PTC model may be eligible. What will happen in the study? * Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups by chance, like flipping a coin. * Standard Treatment Group: This group will receive the standard chemotherapy combination of Gemcitabine, Oxaliplatin, and Apatinib. Additionally, if the patient's tumor tests positive for PD-L1 (≥1%), the immunotherapy drug Sintilimab will be given together with the chemotherapy. * Personalized Treatment Group: This group will have a PTC model made from their tumor. The model will be tested with different drugs (chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy) in the lab. The treatment that works best on the model will be chosen for the patient. * Both groups will receive their assigned treatment for 6 cycles. * Participants will be followed for several years to see how they are doing, through clinic visits and scans. What are the possible benefits? Participants in the personalized treatment group might receive a therapy that is more effective for their specific cancer. The information from this study may help doctors better treat future patients with MPM. What are the possible risks? The risks include side effects from cancer treatments, which can include low blood cell counts, nausea, vomiting, high blood pressure, liver problems, and tiredness. There is also a risk that the PTC model may not grow successfully in the lab, or that the drug that works in the model may not work as well in the body. The study team will closely monitor all participants for any side effects and manage them promptly. Who is paying for the study? This study is funded by the National Key R\&D Program of China. Where is the study taking place? The study is conducted at multiple hospitals in China, including Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, and Cangzhou Central Hospital, and Shijiazhuang People's Hospital.

The primary objective of this clinical trial is to evaluate the efficacy of robotic-assisted surgery in the management of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fractures involving the tibial insertion site of the cruciate ligament. Specifically, the study seeks to determine: (1) whether robotic-assisted surgery yields superior anatomical reduction accuracy-particularly in restoring the native position of the tibial avulsion fragment-compared with conventional open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF); and (2) whether such improved precision translates into enhanced long-term functional recovery of the knee joint.

This prospective observational study aims to validate three-dimensional electrical impedance tomography (3D-EIT) as a non-invasive bedside tool for the diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of pulmonary embolism (PE). The study will include a PE cohort and a control cohort without PE or venous thromboembolism (VTE). Using algorithms that separate ventilation and perfusion signals, 3D-EIT-derived indices, including the Matching Index (MI), Dead Space Index (DI), and Shunt Index (SI), will be quantified. The diagnostic performance of MI and DI will be evaluated against computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA), and their associations with PE severity, risk stratification, and treatment response will be explored. This study is expected to support the clinical translation of 3D-EIT as a radiation-free bedside functional imaging tool for PE management.

The precise treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) highly depends on accurate disease staging (CNLC, TNM, BCLC) and scientific treatment decision-making, which necessitate the integration of both imaging and clinical baseline data. This study prospectively recruits HCC patients and clinical physicians across different hospital tiers to evaluate the clinical value of a self-developed artificial intelligence (AI) model in assisting multi-dimensional comprehensive assessment and treatment decision-making. Utilizing a Multi-Rater Multi-Case (MRMC) crossover balanced design, the study compares the accuracy of clinical evaluations performed by physicians under "unassisted (without AI)" versus "AI-assisted" conditions. A key focus is to explore whether AI can significantly enhance the comprehensive assessment capabilities of physicians in primary/secondary care hospitals, thereby prospectively reducing diagnostic and therapeutic heterogeneity across different institutional levels.

This proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial evaluates a reinforcement learning (RL)-based clinical decision support system for intraoperative hemodynamic management during non-cardiac surgery. Background: Intraoperative hypotension is common during general anesthesia and is associated with adverse outcomes including acute kidney injury, myocardial injury, and increased mortality. Current hemodynamic management relies on the individual anesthesiologist's clinical judgment, which can vary in consistency and timeliness. An RL-based system that learns optimal vasoactive agent dosing strategies from clinical data may help standardize and improve real-time hemodynamic decision-making. Purpose: The primary objective is to evaluate whether the RL-based decision support system can learn intraoperative hemodynamic management decisions comparable to those of experienced anesthesiologists, as measured by the mean absolute error (MAE) between RL-recommended and clinician-executed vasoactive agent doses. The secondary objective is to assess whether RL-guided management improves clinical hemodynamic outcomes, including the time-weighted average of hypotension and the percentage of time with mean arterial pressure within the target range. Participants: Adult patients (aged 18 to 85 years, ASA I-IV) scheduled for elective non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia with continuous invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring. Procedures: Participants will be randomly assigned (1:1) to one of two groups. In the RL-guided group, the anesthesiologist will receive real-time vasoactive agent dosing recommendations from the decision support system displayed on a bedside screen; the anesthesiologist retains full clinical autonomy over all final decisions. In the standard care group, the anesthesiologist will manage hemodynamics according to institutional standard practice without input from the system. The patient and the outcomes assessor will be masked to group assignment. Data collection covers the intraoperative period and 30-day postoperative follow-up.

This clinical trial aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in treating patients with urinary and bowel dysfunction after spinal cord injury (SCI). SCI is a highly disabling condition that can lead to sensory, motor, and autonomic nervous system dysfunction below the injury level. Neurogenic bladder and bowel dysfunction are common sequelae of SCI, seriously affecting patients' quality of life. Currently, clinical treatments can only partially alleviate urinary and bowel dysfunction, and more effective therapeutic approaches are still needed. Existing clinical studies have shown that SCS is gradually being applied to treat neurogenic bladder and bowel dysfunction in SCI patients. SCS can significantly improve urinary efficiency, bladder capacity, compliance, and detrusor pressure in SCI patients, thereby enhancing their quality of life. The main questions this study aims to answer include: 1. Can this protocol help patients restore partial urinary and bowel function? 2. Besides the restoration of partial urinary and bowel function , can the SCS therapy could also help patients to restore the walking function. Patients with urinary and bowel dysfunction more than 6 months after spinal cord injury will undergo epidural spinal stimulation electrode implantation surgery two weeks after functional assessment. Then the parameter optimization and rehabilitation will last for 6 months. The follow-up records and assessments will be conducted monthly at 2, 4, and 6 months after surgery.

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the efficacy and safety of one versus three sessions of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) for patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does receiving three HIPEC sessions lead to better Progression-Free Survival (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS) compared to one session? * What are the differences in postoperative complications (e.g., infection, bowel obstruction, myelosuppression) and organ toxicity (e.g., liver/kidney injury) between the two regimens? * How do the different treatment schedules impact patients' quality of life? Researchers will compare the experimental group (3 HIPEC sessions) to the control group (1 HIPEC session) to investigate the efficacy and safety of the additional sessions. Participants will: * Be randomly assigned to one of two groups: 1. Control Group: Receive only a single intraoperative HIPEC session following CRS. 2. Experimental Group: Receive two additional HIPEC sessions after CRS+HIPEC (on post-operative day 2 and day 4) at reduced drug doses. * Undergo scheduled safety checks for side effects on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 post-HIPEC. * Attend a follow-up visit at 1 month after CRS+HIPEC and, if eligible, receive 6 cycles of standard postoperative chemotherapy. * Attend regular long-term follow-up visits for several years, which will include physical examinations, blood tests (for tumor markers), CT scans, and quality-of-life questionnaires (EORTC QLQ-C30 version 3.0).

This study is an observational cohort study aimed at continuously enrolling patients with biliary dilatation and healthy controls. It will collect bile duct tissue samples and clinical data from participants across all age groups to establish a comprehensive cohort for biliary dilatation research. Based on this cohort, the study seeks to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying biliary dilatation development and progression, explore the role of host-microbiome interactions in disease processes, and identify biomarkers associated with complications and malignancy risk, to establish evidence-based strategies for improved diagnosis and treatment of biliary dilatation.

This clinical study investigates the outcomes of bone-patellar tendon-bone and quasi-anatomical meniscus allograft transplantation techniques in patients requiring joint reconstruction. The study aims to assess the safety, efficacy, and functional improvements following these transplant procedures, utilizing donor tissues to restore joint function and alleviate pain in individuals with severe knee damage. Participants will undergo the transplantation procedure and be monitored for post-operative recovery, complications, and long-term outcomes, including joint stability and mobility. The study seeks to provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of these advanced surgical techniques for knee joint repair.

This study is a multicenter, bidirectional cohort study aimed at continuously enrolling patients with biliary dilatation from 25 medical centers in China. It will collect comprehensive life-cycle data from the cohort to establish a Chinese cohort for IVa biliary dilatation (BD). Based on this cohort, the study seeks to compare the perioperative risks, long-term outcomes, and quality of life of type IVa BD following surgical treatment, to establish standardized surgical treatment strategies for type IVa BD.

This study is a real-world, single-center study that collects imaging and clinical data from patients with HCC who are downstaged beyond the UCSF criteria.

Oteseconazole is a novel, oral, highly selective inhibitor of fungal CYP51. Oteseconazole showed statistically significant and clinically meaningful treatment of severe VVC and was generally tolerated. The trial is a national multi-center, non-interventional observational real-world study, aiming to evaluate the effecacy and safety of oteseconazole in the treatment of patients with VVC. This study will include patients with severe vulvovaginal candidiasis (SVVC) . It is divided into prospective and retrospective parts.

The purpose of this study is to examine the natural history and risk factors of osteoarthritis (OA) and to explore the relationship between metabolic factors and OA progression.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical benefits of different types of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in osteoarthritis treatment. The study aims to compare surgical outcomes, functional recovery, complication rates, and cost-effectiveness among personalized, semi-personalized, and conventional TKA in a multi-center, bidirectional cohort study.

A real-world study of FGF19 overexpression status and treatment outcome and prognosis in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if flexible and navigable suction ureteral access sheath combined with needle perc works to treat partial staghorn renal calculi. It will also learn about the safety of drug ABC. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does flexible and navigable suction ureteral access sheath combined with needle perc result in similar stone free rate compared with PCNL * Does flexible and navigable suction ureteral access sheath combined with needle perc result in more complications compared with PCNL Researchers will compare flexible and navigable suction ureteral access sheath combined with needle perc result in similar stone free rate compared with PCNL to see if flexible and navigable suction ureteral access sheath combined with needle perc works to treat partial staghorn renal calculi. Participants will: * Performed flexible and navigable suction ureteral access sheath combined with needle perc or PCNL * Visit the clinic after surgery 1 month and 3 month for checkups and tests

This study compares the impact of Xuezhikang and atorvastatin on glucose metabolism to explore the incidence of prediabetes patients developing diabetes after 24 weeks of Xuezhikang use, and by investigating the effect of Xuezhikang on blood glucose fluctuations, discusses the possible mechanisms by which Xuezhikang affects glucose metabolism.