Clinical trials

Encounters with healthcare services during childhood, particularly surgical evaluation processes, are a significant source of stress for both children and their parents. The initial evaluation, physical examination, and the prospect of a possible procedure conducted in pediatric surgery outpatient clinics can lead to increased levels of anxiety and fear in children. This situation not only affects the child's current psychological state but also reduces their cooperation during the examination, makes collaboration with healthcare professionals more difficult, and can negatively impact the overall healthcare experience. Increased levels of anxiety and fear in children are not limited to emotional reactions alone; they also affect physiological and behavioral responses, thereby shaping the entire healthcare process. Similarly, parents may also experience significant situational anxiety due to uncertainty about their child's health status, the possibility of surgical intervention, and the responsibility for care. Parental anxiety is a significant factor that can influence children's levels of anxiety and fear and can indirectly shape the child's healthcare experience through parent-child interaction.

During the adaptation process to the extrauterine environment, healthy newborns face procedures such as hepatitis B vaccination, vitamin K injection, blood sugar monitoring, bilirubin or metabolic disease screening. Heel prick blood sampling, performed for diagnostic purposes, is one of the most frequently performed procedures on newborns. Studies show that heel prick blood sampling holds an important place among invasive procedures performed on newborns. The heel prick blood sampling procedure, frequently performed on newborns, is... It has been reported that pain perception causes stress, and consequently, an increase in heart rate (HR) and blood pressure, a decrease in oxygen saturation (SpO2), and crying Following routine invasive procedures that cause pain, such as heel prick blood tests, children may experience negative physiological, metabolic, and behavioral responses as stress, duration, and intensity of pain increase. Increases in heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure are observed due to the release of catecholamines, glucagon, and steroids following painful stimuli, and these physiological changes observed in response to pain are thought to play a role in initiating ischemic changes by leading to intraventricular hemorrhage and white matter damage around the ventricle. If pain is not effectively relieved or eliminated during this period, it can lead to neurological and behavioral disorders in later stages. Excessive and prolonged pain, particularly that resulting from invasive procedures, causes behavioral stress and physiological imbalances. It is believed that any painful invasive procedure can hinder a child's behavior, feeding habits, interaction with the mother, and adaptation to the environment. Furthermore, experiencing pain can influence subsequent pain behaviors, leading to a lifelong sensitivity to pain in the child. To reduce the effects of invasive procedures on newborns, effective pain management is divided into two categories: pharmacological and non-pharmacological. Non-pharmacological pain management strategies in children are defined as any strategy or technique applied to a child in pain to reduce their experience of pain. Recorded maternal voice and maternal heartbeat listening, music therapy are some of the non-pharmacological methods used in children. Music therapy is noted as one of the non-pharmacological methods widely used in postoperative analgesia, possessing effects such as increasing endorphin release, reducing catecholamine levels and thus decreasing the need for analgesics, stabilizing heart rhythm and respiratory rate, maintaining hemodynamic balance, influencing regional cardiac activity, and lowering blood pressure.

Cancer pain is a significant clinical problem that directly affects patients' quality of life and requires nurses to be equipped with adequate knowledge and skills to provide effective care. The current shift in knowledge and skill acquisition from traditional teaching methods toward e-learning-based approaches has increased the importance of comparing the effects of these educational methods on learning outcomes in cancer pain management education. Within this context, the course content on cancer pain management will be developed using both traditional and e-learning methods based on the ADDIE instructional design model. The effects of these two methods on students' learning outcomes and institutional teaching costs will be evaluated. Thus, this study aims to contribute to identifying effective and cost-efficient teaching strategies in nursing education.

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a video-assisted breastfeeding education program for primiparous pregnant women. The intervention is designed to improve breastfeeding motivation, reduce breastfeeding myths, and decrease state anxiety related to breastfeeding. Pregnant women receiving antenatal care at Family Health Centers in Iğdır Province will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. Participants in the intervention group will receive structured video-based breastfeeding education in addition to routine care, while the control group will receive routine antenatal and postnatal breastfeeding education only. The findings of this study are expected to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of technology-supported breastfeeding education in promoting positive breastfeeding-related outcomes among first-time mothers.

People who use glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, such as semaglutide and tirzepatide, may experience changes in their oral health. Some people report dry mouth, changes in saliva, and increased wear of their teeth after starting these medicines. However, little is known about whether these medicines affect saliva and dental hard tissues. The purpose of this study is to evaluate changes in salivary calcium levels, salivary function, and dental hard tissues in adults who begin treatment with semaglutide or tirzepatide for obesity. Approximately 40 participants will be enrolled before starting GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy. Oral examinations, standardized intraoral photographs, saliva samples, and body weight measurements will be obtained before treatment and again after three months. Saliva samples will be analyzed for calcium concentration, pH, and salivary flow rate. Dental hard tissue changes will be assessed using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) index. The findings from this study may improve understanding of the effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on oral health and help healthcare professionals identify and prevent possible dental complications during treatment.

Bruxism is a repetitive jaw-muscle activity that may lead to tooth wear, muscle pain, headaches, and functional limitations. Current diagnostic approaches mainly rely on self-reported symptoms and clinical examination findings, which may not accurately reflect ongoing muscle activity. Digital occlusal analysis systems offer an objective method for evaluating bite force and occlusal function. The aim of this randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial is to investigate whether a digital occlusal analysis system can objectively assess bruxism and monitor treatment response following Botulinum Toxin-A (BTX-A) injections. Thirty-six adults diagnosed with bruxism will be randomly assigned to receive either BTX-A injections or placebo injections into the masseter muscles. Clinical examinations, patient-reported outcomes, and digital occlusal measurements will be collected at baseline and at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment. Primary outcomes include bite force characteristics, force distribution, occlusion time, disocclusion time, and center of force. Secondary outcomes include pain intensity, maximum mouth opening, muscle tenderness, functional limitation scores, and self-reported bruxism-related symptoms. This study aims to provide objective evidence regarding the usefulness of digital occlusal analysis in the diagnosis and follow-up of bruxism and to evaluate the effectiveness of Botulinum Toxin-A treatment using both objective and subjective outcome measures.

This randomized controlled study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a vacuum-assisted electric trimmer (VD-ETM) compared with a standard electric trimmer (ETM) for preoperative hair removal. The study will assess microbial and environmental contamination, surgical site infection (SSI), procedure duration, skin integrity, patient safety, and patient satisfaction. Preoperative hair removal is a critical step in preventing SSI; however, conventional ETM devices may contribute to environmental contamination due to dispersed hair particles. VD-ETM systems are designed to reduce this risk by simultaneously removing hair and capturing particles. This study will provide evidence on whether VD-ETM improves operating room hygiene and patient outcomes.

Fear of hypoglycemia has a significant impact on both medication and dietary adherence in individuals with diabetes. Through avoidance behaviors, it can disrupt metabolic control, prevent the achievement of glycemic targets, and increase the risk of long-term complications. Therefore, monitoring only biochemical parameters is insufficient in diabetes management. It is crucial for healthcare professionals to systematically assess the fear of hypoglycemia.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from insufficiency, deficiency or absence of the insulin hormone. Chronic hyperglycemia, secondary metabolic and microvascular changes resulting in diabetic neuropathy are among the most common complications encountered in DM patients. Diabetic neuropathy is called peripheral, autonomic or spinal depending on the region of involvement. Peripheral involvement is more common than other region involvement and its prevalence in DM patients is observed to be 16-87%. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) presents with numbness, tingling, paresthesia, muscle weakness and pain. These symptoms can start from the toes and progress to the leg and even the upper extremities. In diabetic peripheral neuropathy, pain is seen as burning, electric shock or sharp cold pain, increases at night and affects sleep quality. In these patients, daily living activities such as walking, climbing stairs, and sleeping are negatively affected by progressive DPN and pain, falls are observed, mood disorders are experienced, and the quality of life decreases.

This study looks at sleep hygiene-the daily habits and environment that help people sleep well-among 2nd-year students at the Health Services Vocational School of Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University (Türkiye). Many health sciences students have busy schedules, clinical practice, and exam stress, which may reduce sleep quality. Good sleep is important for learning, attention, mood, and overall health. Purpose: The aim is to assess the current sleep hygiene and quality of students, and determine whether a brief, in-person education program can enhance their knowledge, habits, and sleep quality in the upcoming weeks. Who can take part: The program is designed for daytime (normal education) 2nd-year students in programs such as Operating Room Services, Paramedic, Opticianry, Pharmacy Services, Medical Laboratory Techniques, Medical Documentation and Secretariat, and Child Development who volunteer and give written consent. Participation is voluntary, and you may leave the study at any time without any penalty. What will happen if you join: You will complete short forms before the education session to measure sleep habits and sleep quality (for example, bedtime, caffeine use, and screen time). You will attend four classroom sessions (each about 40 minutes). These sessions explain practical sleep tips (regular bed/wake times, reducing evening caffeine and screen time, preparing a quiet/dark room, simple relaxation after clinical shifts) and help you create a personal sleep plan. You will fill out the same forms again 2 weeks and 4 weeks after the education to see changes over time. What we measure: Sleep hygiene behaviors (how often helpful/unhelpful habits are used) Sleep quality refers to how restful sleep feels, the time it takes to fall asleep, the frequency of night awakenings, and overall daytime functioning. Knowledge about sleep hygiene (a short quiz) We will also look at factors like stress level, evening screen use, and caffeine intake. Possible benefits: You may learn practical ways to improve sleep, which can help with attention, mood, and daily performance. Possible risks/discomforts: This is an educational program. Risks are minimal (for example, brief discomfort when answering personal questions about sleep). You can skip any question you do not want to answer. Privacy: All information will be kept confidential and used only for research. Reports will not include names or identifying details. Costs and payment: There is no cost to taking part, and there is no payment for participation. Withdrawal: Participation is voluntary. You may stop at any time without affecting your courses or grades.

The aim of this study is to learn the effects of retirement education applied to individuals aged 50 and over approaching retirement, according to Meleis's Transition Theory, on their retirement planning processes and quality of life. The hypotheses of the study are as follows: H01: There is no difference in retirement planning perception between the experimental group applied with Meleis's Transition Theory and the control group not applied in terms of retirement planning perception. * There is no difference in financial planning perception of individuals in the experimental group applied with Meleis's Transition Theory and the control group not applied in terms of retirement education. * There is no difference in psychosocial perception of individuals applied with Meleis's Transition Theory and retirement education in terms of retirement planning. * There is no difference in health perception of individuals applied with Meleis's Transition Theory and retirement education in terms of retirement planning. * There is no difference in lifestyle perception of individuals applied with Meleis's Transition Theory and retirement education in terms of retirement planning. H02: There is no difference in quality of life between the experimental group applied with Meleis's Transition Theory and the control group not applied in terms of retirement education. To evaluate the effectiveness of the training, researchers will collect data from the same number of people with similar characteristics at the beginning and end of the training. Participants will (initiative group): Answer the pre-test before the intervention Attend retirement education for 1 hour per week for 6 weeks Answer the post-test after the intervention Answer the follow-up test 1 month after the post-test

Not administering vaccines due to vaccine hesitancy is both a potential public health problem and a difficult and risky situation for healthcare professionals. Health sector workers play a very important role in vaccinating families. As public awareness increases, interest in these vaccines is likely to increase. Made works; It shows that healthcare professionals and physicians establishing trust and communicating effectively with vaccine recipients and parents is one of the most effective ways to eliminate vaccine hesitations. They stated that in order for childhood vaccines to be administered at a high rate, effective communication should first be established with parents. This project aimed to determine the effect of the immunization education program on parents' vaccine hesitancy. The project is designed as a randomized controlled study and will consist of experimental and control groups. An education program regarding immunization will be applied to the parents in the experimental group. The originality of this project is the evaluation of the effect of the immunization education program applied to parents whose children are hospitalized on vaccine hesitancy. Although studies on vaccine hesitancy in parents have increased in recent years, most of them consist of descriptive studies aimed at determining the level of vaccine hesitancy and affecting factors. No intervention studies on the effect of immunization education in parents on vaccine hesitancy have been found.

In this project, it was aimed to determine the effect of the rational drug management training program on parents' attitudes towards rational drug use. The project is designed as a randomized controlled study and will consist of experimental and control groups. An education program on rational drug use will be applied to the parents in the experimental group. The originality of this project is the evaluation of the effect of the education program on rational drug use applied to parents whose children are hospitalized. Although studies on rational drug use in parents have increased in recent years, most of them consist of descriptive studies aimed at evaluating knowledge and attitudes towards rational drug use. It seems that the number of intervention studies on rational drug use in parents is limited. No intervention studies aimed at the rational drug use attitudes of parents whose children are hospitalized have been found. This study has the feature of revealing the effectiveness of the rational drug use education program to be applied to parents in cases of illness and hospitalization where the importance of rational drug use becomes evident.