Clinical trials

Dental anterior open bite is a challenging orthodontic condition with a high risk of relapse in adults. This randomized controlled clinical trial aims to compare the effectiveness and post-treatment stability of in-house clear aligners versus fixed orthodontic appliances in treating adult patients aged 18-30 years with dental anterior open bite (0 to -4 mm). A total of 46 eligible participants will be randomly allocated into two equal groups (23 treated with clear aligners and 23 with fixed appliances). Treatment outcomes, vertical dentoalveolar changes, and skeletal changes will be evaluated using digital intraoral scans, virtual model superimposition, and lateral cephalometric analysis. Following active treatment, an 8-month retention phase (bonded lingual retainer combined with a vacuum-formed retainer) and an 8-month post-retention follow-up phase will be implemented to comprehensively evaluate treatment stability and relapse tendency over a total observation period of 16 months.

This study is a prospective 2x2 factorial randomized clinical trial designed to evaluate and compare the closure efficiency and post-treatment stability of diastema associated with generalized interdental spacing (width \>= 3 mm) treated with clear aligners versus fixed orthodontic appliances, with and without adjunctive laser frenectomy. Participants are randomized into four treatment arms to assess the main effects and interaction effects of appliance modality and laser frenectomy. Stability and relapse rates are systematically tracked across active treatment, a 6-month retention period, and post-retention follow-up intervals at 6 and 8 months.

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare primary wound closure (PC) versus delayed primary closure (DPC) after standardized wound decontamination using the High-Efficiency Incision and Drainage with Irrigation (HIEDI) technique in patients undergoing open appendectomy for complicated appendicitis in Sana'a, Yemen. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does primary closure with HIEDI result in a non-inferior or lower incidence of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) at 30 days compared with delayed primary closure with HIEDI? * Does primary closure with HIEDI reduce length of hospital stay and improve the trajectory of objective wound healing compared with delayed primary closure with HIEDI? * What is the impact of each closure method on patient satisfaction and health-related quality of life? Researchers will compare the two groups to determine the optimal, evidence-based standard of care for wound management in complicated appendicitis within a resource-limited setting. Participants will: * Undergo open appendectomy for intraoperatively confirmed complicated appendicitis (perforation or gangrene). * Receive standardized HIEDI wound decontamination (meticulous debridement and pulsatile irrigation with minimum 500 mL povidone-iodine 1:10 solution). * Be randomly allocated to either primary closure (all layers closed at surgery) or delayed primary closure (skin/subcutaneous tissue left open and closed 3-5 days later). * Attend follow-up visits at days 7, 14, and 30 for wound assessment, infection surveillance, and outcome evaluation.

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether oral nifedipine reduces postoperative pain and improves wound healing after hemorrhoidectomy in adult patients aged 18-65 years undergoing elective surgery for grade III or IV hemorrhoids in Sana'a, Yemen. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does oral nifedipine 20 mg twice daily for 14 days reduce postoperative pain compared with placebo? * Does oral nifedipine improve wound healing progression and shorten time to complete healing compared with placebo? Researchers will compare the nifedipine group to the placebo group to see if there is a significant reduction in pain scores, faster wound healing, lower analgesic consumption, and fewer complications. Participants will: * Take either oral nifedipine 20 mg or an identical-looking placebo capsule twice daily for 14 consecutive days, starting 6 hours after surgery. * Report pain intensity using a standard 0-10 Visual Analogue Scale at multiple time points during the first 28 days. * Attend follow-up visits on postoperative days 7, 14, and 28 for wound healing assessment and safety monitoring. * Use rescue analgesia (paracetamol and/or diclofenac) as needed for breakthrough pain.

\> Evaluation of the wound healing in immediate occlusal loading of endosseous delayed short dental implant with or without CGF or A-PRF. \> Detection of the primary and secondary implant stability of immediate occlusal loading of endosseous delayed short dental implant with or without CGF or A-PRF. \> Evaluation of the hard and soft tissue thickness after immediate occlusal loading of endosseous delayed short dental implant with or without CGF or A-PRF.

This study is a randomized controlled trial with two parallel groups connected at Al-Thawra Modern General Hospital in Sana'a, Yemen. It aims to compara the effect of two different vitamin D3 supplementation regimens during pregnancy on the risk of pre-eclampsia among women with confirmed vitamin D deficiency. Pregnant women attending antenatal care and diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency will be screened for eligibility. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups:one group receiving vitamin D3 50,000 IU every two weeks and the other group receiving vitamin D3 5,000 IU weekly,in addition to standard antenatal care. The study will include singleton pregnancies between 8\_18 weeks of gestation with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level below 25 ng /mL . Women with chronic conditions that may affect pregnancy outcomes or vitamin D metabolism will be excluded. Participants will be followed throughout pregnancy to assess the development of pre-eclampsia and other maternal and fetal outcomes.

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the safety, cost-effectiveness, and patient recovery of two different surgical positions for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in adults aged 18 to 70 years who have kidney stones larger than 2 cm. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does the supine (lying on the back) surgical position result in fewer early postoperative complications than the traditional prone (lying on the stomach) position? * Does the supine position reduce the total surgery time, direct hospital costs, and postoperative pain? Researchers will compare patients assigned to undergo PCNL in the supine position to those assigned to the prone position to see if the supine approach offers a safer, more cost-effective, and more comfortable recovery. Participants will: * Undergo standard PCNL surgery to remove their kidney stones in either the supine or prone position. * Have their pain levels, surgery time, and any early surgical complications monitored during their hospital stay. * Complete brief questionnaires regarding their overall surgical satisfaction and quality of life at 1 month and 3 months after the procedure.

This prospective clinical trial aims to evaluate the efficiency, safety, and reliability of a minimally invasive graftless transcrestal sinus lifting approach with simultaneous dental implant placement in patients with edentulous posterior maxilla and limited residual bone height. The study investigates bone formation beneath the Schneiderian membrane, implant stability, osseointegration, and long-term implant survival.

Orthodontic treatment is a common and effective approach to correcting dental malocclusions and improving oral function and aesthetics. The process involves applying mechanical forces to move teeth into their desired positions, which can lead to discomfort and pain for patients, especially during the initial stages of treatment. While the ultimate goal of orthodontic therapy is to achieve proper alignment, the associated pain and the time required to complete the treatment often become significant concerns for patients. (Jheon et al., 2017). The duration of treatment, which typically spans several months or even years, is influenced by various factors including the type of malocclusion, the force applied, and the biological response of the periodontal tissues to the applied forces. (Sangle et al., 2023). Recent advancements in orthodontic care have focused on finding ways to accelerate tooth movement while minimizing the discomfort experienced by patients. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT), also known as photobiomodulation (PBM), has garnered significant attention as a non-invasive method to enhance biological healing processes. LLLT has been shown to stimulate cellular activity, increase collagen production, and improve blood circulation, potentially influencing the rate of tooth movement (Fini et al., 2020). Several studies suggest that LLLT may enhance the osteoclast and osteoblast activity in the periodontal tissues, leading to more rapid bone resorption and apposition, which could expedite the tooth movement process (Suzuki et al., 2016). Additionally, LLLT has been shown to reduce pain perception, possibly by modulating nerve activity and inflammation (Guo et al., 2021).

This randomized controlled clinical trial aims to compare the clinical efficacy, efficiency, and biomechanical differences between two methods for total maxillary dentition distalization: (1) the use of a Sliding Jig and (2) the use of Retraction Hooks, both anchored by Infrazygomatic Crest (IZC) miniscrews. The study will assess rates of distalization, anchorage loss, dentoalveolar tipping, patient comfort, and treatment-associated side effects.

This clinical study used CBCT images to investigate the alveolar bone changes and root resorption in unilateral buccally displaced maxillary canines and adjacent teeth before and after orthodontic traction of unilateral BDMCs. The CBCT images will also be used to compare these changes to the normal contralateral side. The study outcome is to compare the 3-D changes in the alveolar bone and dental roots between the 2 interventional techniques (segmentalT-loop and piggyback NiTi traction) methods.

This randomized controlled clinical trial aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in promoting osseous regeneration following cystic enucleation in the jaws. The study will assess bone healing outcomes and compare PRF application with conventional management methods.

To evaluate the immunological effectiveness of Hyaluronic acid as adjunction treatment to scaling and root planning and scaling and root planning alone. Comparison between clinical measurement before and after treatment. Evaluate the level of IGF-1 in treated site as immunological marker if periodontal regeneration.