Brief Summary (A short description for the lay public)
This study aims to find out if the type of cleaning solution used during a root canal affects the pain a patient feels the next day. A root canal procedure involves cleaning the inside of the tooth. Two common cleaning solutions are chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl, also known as bleach). While both are effective, it is not clear if one causes more discomfort than the other.
In this research, half of the participants will have their root canal cleaned with CHX, and the other half with NaOCl. We will then ask all participants to rate their pain 24 hours after the procedure using a simple pain scale. Our goal is to see if there is a difference in pain levels between the two groups. The results will help dentists choose the best solution to make their patients more comfortable after treatment
Any gender
Requiring non-surgical root canal treatment
Willing to provide written informed consent
Able to report postoperative pain using a validated pain assessment scale -
Systemic conditions affecting pain perception (e.g., diabetes with neuropathy, fibromyalgia)
Medications affecting pain perception (e.g., chronic analgesics, corticosteroids, antidepressants)
Preoperative dental pain in the tooth scheduled for treatment
Pregnancy or lactation
Parallel
Chlorhexidine gluconate 2%
Procedure/Surgery2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution used as root canal irrigant. Clear, colorless, odorless liquid. Broad-spectrum antimicrobial with substantivity (binds to dental tissues, prolonged effect up to 72 hours). Does not dissolve organic tissue. Lower cytotoxicity than NaOCl. Applied at 2 mL per instrument, delivered via 27-gauge side-vented Max-i-Probe needle placed 1-2 mm short of working length, passive flow at 2-4 mL/min, continuous needle motion. Room temperature. Final irrigation with same solution
Sodium hypochlorite 5.25%
Drug5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution used as root canal irrigant. Pale yellow liquid with characteristic chlorine odor. Broad-spectrum antimicrobial with rapid bactericidal action. Dissolves organic pulp tissue and necrotic debris. Cytotoxic to periapical tissues if extruded. No substantivity. Applied at 2 mL per instrument, delivered via 27-gauge side-vented Max-i-Probe needle placed 1-2 mm short of working length, passive flow at 2-4 mL/min, continuous needle motion. Room temperature. Final irrigation with same solution.
Postoperative pain intensity at 24 hours
Pain intensity measured using a 4-point Visual Analog Scale (VAS): 0 = no pain, 1 = mild pain, 2 = moderate pain (required analgesics with relief), 3 = severe pain (analgesics no relief). Patient-reported 24 hours post-treatment.
Postoperative pain intensity at 24 hours
Pain intensity measured using a 4-point Visual Analog Scale (VAS): 0 = no pain, 1 = mild pain, 2 = moderate pain (required analgesics with relief), 3 = severe pain (analgesics no relief). Patient-reported 24 hours post-treatmen
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