Clinical trials

This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the mean postoperative pain after using double antibiotic paste (DAP) versus calcium hydroxide (CH) as an intracanal medicament in teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis. Symptomatic apical periodontitis is a painful dental condition caused by inflammation and destruction of the tissues around the root apex of a tooth. It is diagnosed clinically by a painful response to biting, percussion, or palpation, and radiographically by widening of the periodontal ligament space. Patients aged 16 to 50 years with a single tooth diagnosed with symptomatic apical periodontitis will be randomly divided into two groups. Group A will receive calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament, and Group B will receive double antibiotic paste (a mixture of metronidazole and ciprofloxacin). Postoperative pain will be measured using a 10-point Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at 1 hour and 24 hours after treatment. Patients will be contacted by telephone to record their pain scores. The hypothesis is that there is a difference between the mean postoperative pain after using double antibiotic paste versus calcium hydroxide in teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis.

This randomized controlled trial aims to compare Ward's incision and Comma incision regarding postoperative swelling following extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Secondary outcomes include pain and bleeding assessed 48 hours after surgery. The findings will help identify the incision technique associated with better postoperative outcomes

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effect of two different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (2.5% and 5.25%) on post-operative pain following single-visit root canal treatment. A total of 116 participants requiring primary endodontic treatment will be randomly allocated into two groups according to irrigant concentration. Post-operative pain will be assessed using a 100-mm Visual Analog Scale at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after treatment. The study seeks to determine the concentration that provides optimal disinfection with minimal patient discomfort.

A short description of the clinical study, including a brief statement of the clinical study's hypothesis, written in language intended for the lay public.

Brief Summary (A short description for the lay public) This study aims to find out if the type of cleaning solution used during a root canal affects the pain a patient feels the next day. A root canal procedure involves cleaning the inside of the tooth. Two common cleaning solutions are chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl, also known as bleach). While both are effective, it is not clear if one causes more discomfort than the other. In this research, half of the participants will have their root canal cleaned with CHX, and the other half with NaOCl. We will then ask all participants to rate their pain 24 hours after the procedure using a simple pain scale. Our goal is to see if there is a difference in pain levels between the two groups. The results will help dentists choose the best solution to make their patients more comfortable after treatment

To compare the efficacy of different permethrin-based therapies for scabies infestations in infants and young children.

To assess the effect of Finerinone on slowing renal function decline and improving cardiovascular outcomes, particularly heart failure risk, in patients with diabetic CKD.

This study compares two surgical techniques for preventing the regrowth of a pterygium, a non-cancerous growth on the eye. After surgically removing the pterygium, surgeons will cover the area with either a flap of nearby tissue that is rotated into place (Rotational Flap) or with a free graft of tissue taken from under the upper eyelid (Autograft). The main goal is to see which method is better at preventing the pterygium from growing back over a 6-month period. A total of 342 patients with a primary pterygium will be randomly assigned to one of the two surgical groups.

This randomized controlled trial will investigate if maintaining apical patency-a technique where a small file is gently moved past the root's end during cleaning-affects pain after a root canal. The study will include 48 adult patients needing root canal treatment on a back molar tooth with a dead nerve and infection at the root tip. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: one where the apical patency technique is used, and one where it is not. All other treatment steps will be identical. Patients will record their pain levels on a standard scale (0-100 mm Visual Analog Scale) at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after the procedure. The goal is to determine if this specific technique influences the intensity and duration of post-treatment pain

This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the incidence of endodontic flare-ups in patients undergoing single-visit versus multiple-visit root canal treatment (RCT) at Saidu College of Dentistry, Swat. The study will recruit 344 patients aged above 10 and below 60 years, with permanent first molars indicated for RCT and meeting specific clinical and radiographic criteria. Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups: one receiving single-visit RCT and the other receiving multiple-visit RCT. Pain and flare-up incidence will be evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and swelling grading criteria at 6, 24, and 48 hours post-treatment. The primary outcome is the frequency of endodontic flare-ups requiring additional intervention. The study also examines the role of occlusal reduction in managing postoperative discomfort. Data will be analyzed using SPSS v23 with chi-square and Fisher's exact tests to compare outcomes. The findings aim to inform evidence-based protocols for endodontic treatment in the local population.

Title: Effect of timing of cord clamping of serum calcium levels in neonates Background: Hypocalcemia is a common metabolic problem in neonatal period. Most cases of hypocalcemia are asymptomatic however, the symptomatic cases require prompt management. Objective: The objective is to determine the effects of early and delayed cord on serum calcium level in neonates Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial