To compare the mean onset of sensory block and mean time to first rescue analgesia between ropivacaine with dexmedetomidine and ropivacaine with tramadol in ultrasound-guided pericapsular nerve group block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing hip surgeries.
Patients aged 18 to 65years
Either gender
American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I and II
Patients undergoing hip surgery under spinal anaesthesia
Known allergy to ropivacaine,dexmedetomidine,tramadol,ketorolac or bupivacaine
Contraindication to spinal anaesthesia or block,such as coagulopathy (INR above 1.5 or platelet count below 100,000/mm3) or local infection at the injection site
Bilateral,pathological or multiple fractures
Baseline heart rate below 60 beats per minute,heart block or use of beta blockers
Parallel
Pericapsular nerve group block
Procedure/SurgeryWith the patient supine, a low-frequency curvilinear probe will be placed over the anterior inferior iliac spine and aligned with the superior pubic ramus. The needle will be inserted in-plane,lateral to medial,into the fascial plane between the psoas tendon and the superior pubic ramus,and the drug will be injected after negative aspiration.
Onset of sensory block
Time to first rescue analgesia
Blood pressure
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