Effect of Kaltenborn vs Mulligan Mobilization With Intrinsic Foot Strengthening in Plantar Fasciitis
Trial statusNot yet recruiting
Trial phaseNot applicable
Trial typeInterventional
Biological sexAll
Age30-60
SponsorRiphah International University
About this trial
This study will compare the effects of Kaltenborn and Mulligan ankle mobilization techniques, combined with intrinsic foot muscle strengthening, on pain, functional status, and dorsiflexion range of motion in patients with plantar fasciitis. Eighty-two participants with chronic heel pain will be randomly allocated into two groups. Both groups will receive standard care including ultrasound therapy, stretching, and cryotherapy, while Group A will receive Kaltenborn mobilization and Group B will receive Mulligan mobilization. Pain, function, and ankle range of motion will be assessed at baseline and after three weeks of treatment.
Eligibility criteria
This trial does not accept healthy volunteersQualifiers
Age group between 30-60.
Both genders (male and female) included.
Subjects with the ankle and heel pain complain especially morning or after rest and limited ankle ROM due to pain
Positive Windlass test: Pain increase upon toe standing and decreases upon walking.
Disqualifiers
Patients contraindicated to manual therapy (tumor, fracture or osteoporosis). Any history of knee, tibia, fibula, ankle or foot surgery or stress fracture of calcaneum.
Previously received physiotherapy treat.
History of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications or corticosteroid injection in last 3 weeks prior to surgery.
Pregnancy (because of sudden weight changes and pedal edema which causes heel pain).
Trial design
Design model
Parallel
Treatments tested in this trial
Kaltenborn Mobilization Group
Other interventionParticipants in this group will receive Kaltenborn mobilization techniques applied to the talocrural and subtalar joints. Mobilizations will be performed as Grade III passive accessory glides for 10 repetitions per joint, each sustained for 15 seconds with a 10-second rest interval Conventional treatment includs therapeutic ultrasound (3 MHz, 1.5 W/cm², continuous mode for 5 minutes), plantar fascia and calf stretching (10 minutes, 1 set of 10 reps), intrinsic foot muscle strengthening exercises (toe curls and towel curls for 10 minutes, 2 sets of 10 reps), and cryotherapy at home for 10 minutes daily. The intervention will be delivered twice weekly for 3 weeks.
Mulligan Mobilization Group
Other interventionParticipants in this group will receive Mulligan mobilization with movement (MWM) techniques applied to the talocrural and subtalar joints. Mobilizations will be applied as 3 sets of 10 repetitions per joint with 1-minute rest between sets. Conventional treatment includs therapeutic ultrasound (3 MHz, 1.5 W/cm², continuous mode for 5 minutes), plantar fascia and calf stretching (10 minutes, 1 set of 10 reps), intrinsic foot muscle strengthening exercises (toe curls and towel curls for 10 minutes, 2 sets of 10 reps), and cryotherapy at home for 10 minutes daily. The intervention will be delivered twice weekly for 3 weeks.
Treatment groups
74 Participants
are divided into 2 treatment groupsGroup A: Kaltenborn Mobilization GroupExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Group B: Mulligan Mobilization GroupExperimental treatment 1 intervention
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
1
Numeric Pain Rating Scale
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), a validated 11-point scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain).
Time frame
Baseline and at the end of Week 3 (post-intervention)2
Foot Function Index - FFI
Functional disability will be evaluated using the Foot Function Index (FFI), a validated questionnaire assessing foot pain, disability, and activity limitation. It comprises 23 items scored on a visual analogue scale, with higher scores indicating greater impairment.
Time frame
Baseline and at the end of Week 3 (post-intervention)3
Ankle Dorsiflexion Range of Motion
Ankle dorsiflexion will be measured using a universal goniometer to assess changes in passive range of motion.
Time frame
Baseline and at the end of Week 3 (post-intervention)4
Windlass Test
The Windlass Test will be used as a clinical indicator of plantar fascia integrity and responsiveness. The test will be performed in a weight-bearing position by passively dorsiflexing the great toe while the patient stands on the affected foot. A positive result is defined by reproduction of heel or arch pain during the manoeuvre.
Time frame
Baseline and at the end of Week 3 (post-intervention)Sponsors and contacts
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Source ClinicalTrials.gov
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